The objective of this paper is to give a comprehensive introduction to applied cryptography with an engineer or computer scientist in mind. The emphasis is on the knowledge needed to create practical systems which supports integrity, confidentiality, or authenticity. Topics covered includes an introduction to the concepts in cryptography, attacks against cryptographic systems, key use and handling, random bit generation, encryption modes, and message authentication codes. Recommendations on algorithms and further reading is given in the end of the paper. This paper should make the reader able to build, understand and evaluate system descriptions and designs based on the cryptographic components described in the paper.

[서평]「Applied Cryptography」

The aging population, prevalence of chronic diseases, and outbreaks of infectious diseases are some of the major challenges of our present-day society. To address these unmet healthcare needs, especially for the early prediction and treatment of major diseases, health informatics, which deals with the acquisition, transmission, processing, storage, retrieval, and use of health information, has emerged as an active area of interdisciplinary research. In particular, acquisition of health-related information by unobtrusive sensing and wearable technologies is considered as a cornerstone in health informatics. Sensors can be weaved or integrated into clothing, accessories, and the living environment, such that health information can be acquired seamlessly and pervasively in daily living. Sensors can even be designed as stick-on electronic tattoos or directly printed onto human skin to enable long-term health monitoring. This paper aims to provide an overview of four emerging unobtrusive and wearable technologies, which are essential to the realization of pervasive health information acquisition, including: 1) unobtrusive sensing methods, 2) smart textile technology, 3) flexible-stretchable-printable electronics, and 4) sensor fusion, and then to identify some future directions of research.

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Unobtrusive Sensing and Wearable Devices for Health Informatics

Patient monitoring provides flexible and powerful patient surveillance through wearable devices at any time and anywhere The increasing feasibility and convenience of mobile healthcare has already introduced several significant challenges for healthcare providers, policy makers, hospitals, and patients A major challenge is to provide round-the-clock healthcare services to those patients who require it via wearable wireless medical devices Furthermore, many patients have privacy concerns when it comes to releasing their personal information over open wireless channels As a consequence, one of the most important and challenging issues that healthcare providers must deal with is how to secure the personal information of patients and to eliminate their privacy concerns In this article we present several techniques that can be used to monitor patients effectively and enhance the functionality of telemedicine systems, and discuss how current secure strategies can impede the attacks faced by wireless communications in healthcare systems and improve the security of mobile healthcare

Monitoring patients via a secure and mobile healthcare system

The Web of Things aims to make physical world objects and their data accessible through standard Web technologies to enable intelligent applications and sophisticated data analytics. Due to the amount and heterogeneity of the data, it is challenging to perform data analysis directly; especially when the data is captured from a large number of distributed sources. However, the size and scope of the data can be reduced and narrowed down with search techniques, so that only the most relevant and useful data items are selected according to the application requirements. Search is fundamental to the Web of Things while challenging by nature in this context, e.g., mobility of the objects, opportunistic presence and sensing, continuous data streams with changing spatial and temporal properties, efficient indexing for historical and real time data. The research community has developed numerous techniques and methods to tackle these problems as reported by a large body of literature in the last few years. A comprehensive investigation of the current and past studies is necessary to gain a clear view of the research landscape and to identify promising future directions. This survey reviews the state-of-the-art search methods for the Web of Things, which are classified according to three different viewpoints: basic principles, data/knowledge representation, and contents being searched. Experiences and lessons learned from the existing work and some EU research projects related to Web of Things are discussed, and an outlook to the future research is presented.

Search Techniques for the Web of Things: A Taxonomy and Survey

A dependable privacy protection for end-to-end VoIP via Elliptic-Curve Diffie-Hellman and dynamic key changes

Over the past few years, much research attention has been afforded to the application of remote patient monitoring using embedded mobile devices. However, relatively little research has been done to investigate the security aspects of such scenarios. The present work describes the implementation of a cryptographic algorithm based on elliptic curves on an embedded mobile device useful for healthcare purposes. A personal digital assistant (PDA) has been chosen to be the hardware platform for the implementation as it is particularly suitable for remote patient monitoring applications. The motivation for this paper was to formulate a secure protocol which comprises of signature, encryption and authentication (SEA) as a combined ingredient of secure remote patient monitoring application using mobile devices. This needed to be easy to use and computationally efficient in order to be acceptable to both clinicians and patients and the results indicate a positive outcome.

K. Malhotra

Papers

Implementation of Elliptic-Curve Cryptography on Mobile Healthcare Devices