The culture of the copy

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 509 Notes on some of the most exceptional investigators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 513 Fermentation by yeast extracts . . . . . . . . . 517 The rôle of phosphates in fermentation . . . . 518 The discovery of NAD and NADP . . . . . . 524 The formation of glycerol in fermentation . . 525 Recognition of an identical glycolytic pathway in yeasts, animals and plants . . . . . 529 Elucidating some enzymes of alcoholic fermentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 531 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 536 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 537

A history of research on yeasts 5: the fermentation pathway.

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A Guide to the Study and Use of Military History

Thomas Bayes, from whom Bayes Theorem takes its name, was probably born in 1701 so that the year 2001 would mark the 300 th anniversary of his birth. A sketch of his life will include his family background and education, as well as his scientific and theological work. In contras t to some, but not all, biographies of Bayes, the current biography is an attempt to cover areas beyond Bayes’s scientific work. When commenting on the writing of scientific biography, Pearson (1978) stated, “it is impossible to understand a man’s work unless you understand something of his character and unless you understand something of his environment. And his environment means the state of affairs social and political of his own age.” The intention here is to follow this general approach to biography. There is very little primary source material on Bayes and his work. For example, only three of his letters and a notebook containing some sketches of his own work, almost all unpublished, as well as notes on the work of others were known to have survived. Neither the letters, nor the notebook, are dated, and only one of the letters can be dated accurately from internal evidence. This biography will contain new information about Bayes. In particular, among the papers of the 2 nd Earl Stanhope, letters and papers of Bayes have been uncovered that were previously not known to exist. The letters indirectly confirm the centrality of Stanhope in Bayes’s election to the Royal Society. They also provide evidence that Bayes was part of a network of mathematicians initially centered on Stanhope. In addition, the letters shed light on Bayes’s work in infinite series.

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The Reverend Thomas Bayes FRS: a Biography to Celebrate the Tercentenary of his Birth

Title of Document: THE ANTITHEATRICAL BODY: PURITANS AND PERFORMANCE IN EARLY MODERN ENGLAND, 1577-1620 Simon W. du Toit, Ph.D., 2008 Directed By: Dr. Franklin J. Hildy, Theatre and Performance Studies The antitheatrical pamphlets published in Shakespeare’s England provide an excellent view of the early modern religious engagement with the stage. However, critics have discussed the antitheatrical pamphlets most often by examining the theology or psychology they seem to represent. This study offers an interdisciplinary approach, as it stands at the shifting boundaries between performance studies, religious studies, and theatre historiography. It offers a close reading of puritan religious experience in the “ethnographic grain,” 1 reading the struggle between the puritan and the stage through the lens of a contemporary discourse of embodiment: early modern humoral theory. Puritan practitioners of “spiritual physick” appropriated humoral physiology and integrated it with Calvinist theology to produce the embodied authority of prophetic performative speech. This study’s central claim is 1 Robert Darnton, The Great Cat Massacre, and Other Episodes in French Cultural History, (New York: Vintage, 1985). that the struggle between the antitheatrical writers and the stage was a social drama, in which each side fought for social control of the authority of performative speech. I suggest that performance of prophetic speech is the primary signifier of puritan identity in English puritan culture. What distinctively identifies the puritan body is not physiological difference, but cultural practice, visible in the bodily dispositions constructed in puritan culture. The puritan body performs a paradox: it is closed, bridled, contained, and ordered; and it is open, permeable, passionately disclosing, and subject to dangerous motions and disorder. The puritan body knows itself as double. It is alienated from the flesh, and therefore constructs itself in a liminal process of becoming. I document evidence of a humorally grounded logic of practice within puritan culture; trace the outlines of the puritan body through the antitheatrical literature; and finally observe the social role of the antitheatrical pamphlets in the market for argument. The antitheatrical pamphlets order the worldly environment, shaping time and place to privilege the redemptive hegemony they construct. However, the pamphlets’ engagement with the market for cheap godly print gradually served to etiolate their ritual authority. While the antitheatrical pamphlets served as “argument” that performed social distinctions, they also mark a transition in the public representation of puritanism, beginning the shift towards the carnivalesque body of the Stage Puritan. THE ANTITHEATRICAL BODY: PURITANS AND PERFORMANCE IN EARLY MODERN ENGLAND, 1577-1620

The antitheatrical body: Puritans and performance in early modern England, 1577--1620

The dictionary of national biography

Abstract:This is a short overview history of the relationship between Canadian historians and Canadian nationalism. It maps the historiography of Canadian nationalism against its significant manifestations in Canadian society and developments in nationalism scholarship internationally. Three conjunctures when the fate of the nation loomed large in Canadian historiography are featured. Evidence from the Canadian Historical Review (chr) is highlighted throughout, and, for each conjuncture, relevant articles from the chr are provided for further reading. In reflecting on this history, this article considers Canadian historians' accomplishments and failures in understanding Canadian nationalism as well as the contemporary politics and praxis of their relationship with nation.Résumé:Ce bref aperçu de la relation entre les historiens canadiens et le nationalisme canadien met en parallèle l'historiographie et les manifestations importantes du nationalisme canadien dans la société et l'évolution de la recherche sur le nationalisme à l'échelle internationale. L'article présente trois moments au cours desquels le destin de la nation a occupé une grande place dans l'historiographie canadienne. Le rôle de la Canadian Historical Review (chr) est souligné tout au long de l'article et chaque moment renvoie à des articles de la chr aidant à approfondir le sujet. La réflexion sur cette relation porte à la fois sur les réussites et les échecs des historiens canadiens en ce qui concerne la compréhension du nationalisme canadien ainsi que la politique et la praxis contemporaines de leurs rapports avec la nation.

W. P. M. Kennedy

Papers

The dictionary of national biography

An Introduction to The CHR Presents …