Summary Type 1 diabetes is a chronic autoimmune disease characterised by insulin deficiency and resultant hyperglycaemia. Knowledge of type 1 diabetes has rapidly increased over the past 25 years, resulting in a broad understanding about many aspects of the disease, including its genetics, epidemiology, immune and β-cell phenotypes, and disease burden. Interventions to preserve β cells have been tested, and several methods to improve clinical disease management have been assessed. However, wide gaps still exist in our understanding of type 1 diabetes and our ability to standardise clinical care and decrease disease-associated complications and burden. This Seminar gives an overview of the current understanding of the disease and potential future directions for research and care.

Type 1 diabetes

https://cyberleninka.org/article/n/365946.pdf

The use of plants in the traditional management of diabetes in Nigeria: pharmacological and toxicological considerations.

Adsorption of hazardous dye Eosin Yellow from aqueous solution onto waste material De-oiled Soya: Isotherm, kinetics and bulk removal

The veterinary clinics of north America: food animal practice.

Potential antifertility agents from plants: a comprehensive review.

Background: The search for a relatively cheap, widely available, widely accepted and effective contraceptive of plant origin; that is equally non-invasive in administration, non-hormonal in action, non-toxic and that is relatively long-acting, generated our interest in
this study (in order to meet the increasing need for population control). The aim of this study was to determine the effects of alcoholic extract of Neem flowers on the estrous cycle, ovulation, fertility and foetal morphology of cyclic adult Sprague-Dawley rats.
Materials and Methods: Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing between 140-180g were used. There were 3 main experimental groups. Group 1 rats received 1 g/kg of alcoholic extract of Neem flower by gavage for 3 weeks and the effect on estrous cycle studied. Group 2 rats were administered 1 g/kg of Neem flower alcoholic extract at 9 a.m. and at 6 p.m. on proestrus and the effect on the number of ova shed on the morning of estrus observed. Rats in Group 3 were treated with 1 g/kg of alcoholic extract of Neem flower on days 1 to 5 postcoitum, and observation was made for anti-implantion / abortifacient effects and possible teratogenic effects on the foetuses. All the groups were control-matched. Results: The estrous cycle of 80% of the rats was altered with a marked prolongation of the diestrus phase. Neem flower caused a statistically significant (p Neem flower. Conclusion: Administration of alcoholic extract of Neem flower disrupted the estrous cycle in Sprague-Dawley rats and caused a partial block in ovulation and thus has the potential of being developed into a female contraceptive. Keywords : Neem Flower, Ovulation, Estrous cycle, Fertility African Health Sciences Vol. 8 (3) 2008: pp. 168-173

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Antifertility potential of Neem flower extract on adult female Sprague-Dawley rats

The protective effect of methanol extract of Kigelia africana fruit extract (KAFE) against cisplatin-induced renal toxicity in male rats was studied. Over 28 days, cisplatin-treated rats suffered significant loss in body weight (p<0.05), elevation in blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (p<0.001) and serum creatinine (Scr) (p<0.001) levels as well as tubular necrosis. However, KAFE alone and as a prophylaxis significantly (p<0.05) increased these parameters. Though post-treatment of animals with KAFE after cisplatin did not restore serum catalase activity it was lower than those receiving cisplatin alone. These results suggest that KAFE may protect against cisplatin-induced renal toxicity hence might serve as a novel combination agent with cisplatin to limit renal injury.

Protective agent, kigelia africana fruit extract, against cisplatin­ induced kidney oxidant injury in sprague­dawley rats

The present study explored the effect of virgin coconut oil on oxidative stress, testosterone and gonadotropic hormones in alcohol-induced testicular injury. Twenty-five male rats were randomly assigned to one of five groups (n=5). The oil was processed from the mature endosperm of coconut and administered at 6.7 ml/kg body weight, while alcohol was given orally at 7 ml/kg body weight. After sacrifice, testicular malondialdehyde and serum hormone levels were determined. Testicular malondialdehyde levels increased significantly in animals treated with alcohol alone (p < 0.001), and animals treated with alcohol following virgin coconut oil treatment (p < 0.05) while the other groups showed a significant decrease (p < 0.05) when compared with the control. However, when compared with the group treated with alcohol alone, all the other groups showed a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in testicular malondialdehyde level. Serum testosterone levels increased significantly (p < 0.05) in rats treated with virgin coconut oil when compared with the alcohol-only treated group, while serum FSH and LH levels were not significantly different from the control values in all the treatment groups. Virgin coconut oil effectively lowered alcohol-induced oxidative stress by reducing testicular malondialdehyde levels and ameliorated the deleterious effect of alcohol on serum testosterone level, but showed no effect on serum FSH and LH levels.

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Influence of virgin coconut oil (VCNO) on oxidative stress, serum testosterone and gonadotropic hormones (FSH, LH) in chronic ethanol ingestion.

Histomorphometric effects of Kigelia africana (Bignoniaceae) fruit extract on the testis following short-term treatment with cisplatin in male Sprague–Dawley rats

A. A. Osinubi

Papers

Antifertility potential of Neem flower extract on adult female Sprague-Dawley rats

Protective agent, kigelia africana fruit extract, against cisplatin induced kidney oxidant injury in spraguedawley rats

Influence of virgin coconut oil (VCNO) on oxidative stress, serum testosterone and gonadotropic hormones (FSH, LH) in chronic ethanol ingestion.

Histomorphometric effects of Kigelia africana (Bignoniaceae) fruit extract on the testis following short-term treatment with cisplatin in male Sprague–Dawley rats

Antiovulatory and anti-implantation potential of the methanolic extract of seeds of Abrus precatorius in the rat.

A. A. Osinubi

Papers

Antifertility potential of Neem flower extract on adult female Sprague-Dawley rats

Protective agent, kigelia africana fruit extract, against cisplatin­ induced kidney oxidant injury in sprague­dawley rats

Influence of virgin coconut oil (VCNO) on oxidative stress, serum testosterone and gonadotropic hormones (FSH, LH) in chronic ethanol ingestion.

Histomorphometric effects of Kigelia africana (Bignoniaceae) fruit extract on the testis following short-term treatment with cisplatin in male Sprague–Dawley rats

Antiovulatory and anti-implantation potential of the methanolic extract of seeds of Abrus precatorius in the rat.

Protective agent, kigelia africana fruit extract, against cisplatin induced kidney oxidant injury in spraguedawley rats