Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have attracted special interest during last few decades. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) are two major types of Lipid-based nanoparticles. SLNs were developed to overcome the limitations of other colloidal carriers, such as emulsions, liposomes and polymeric nanoparticles because they have advantages like good release profile and targeted drug delivery with excellent physical stability. In the next generation of the lipid nanoparticle, NLCs are modified SLNs which improve the stability and capacity loading. Three structural models of NLCs have been proposed. These LNPs have potential applications in drug delivery field, research, cosmetics, clinical medicine, etc. This article focuses on features, structure and innovation of LNPs and presents a wide discussion about preparation methods, advantages, disadvantages and applications of LNPs by focusing on SLNs and NLCs.

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Solid Lipid Nanoparticles and Nanostructured Lipid Carriers: Structure, Preparation and Application.

The application of nanotechnology in pesticide delivery is relatively new and in the early stages of development. This technology aims to reduce the indiscriminate use of conventional pesticides and ensure their safe application. This critical review investigated the potential of nanotechnology, especially the nanoencapsulation process for pesticide delivery. In-depth investigation of various nanoencapsulation materials and techniques, efficacy of application, and current research trends are also presented. The focus of ongoing research was on the development of a nanoencapsulated pesticide formulation that has slow releasing properties with enhanced solubility, permeability, and stability. These properties are mainly achieved through either protecting the encapsulated active ingredients from premature degradation or increasing their pest control efficacy for a longer period. Nanoencapsulated pesticide formulation is able to reduce the dosage of pesticides and human exposure to them, which is environmenta...

Nanoencapsulation, Nano-guard for Pesticides: A New Window for Safe Application

Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) are nanocarriers developed as substitute colloidal drug delivery systems parallel to liposomes, lipid emulsions, polymeric nanoparticles, and so forth. Owing to their unique size dependent properties and ability to incorporate drugs, SLNs present an opportunity to build up new therapeutic prototypes for drug delivery and targeting. SLNs hold great potential for attaining the goal of targeted and controlled drug delivery, which currently draws the interest of researchers worldwide. The present review sheds light on different aspects of SLNs including fabrication and characterization techniques, formulation variables, routes of administration, surface modifications, toxicity, and biomedical applications.

Solid Lipid Nanoparticles: Emerging Colloidal Nano Drug Delivery Systems

Resveratrol nanoformulations: Challenges and opportunities

Nanotechnology manifests the progression in the arena of research and development, by increasing the efficacy of the product through delivery of innovative solutions. To overcome certain drawbacks associated with the traditional products, application of nanotechnology is escalating in the area of cosmeceuticals. Cosmeceuticals are regarded as the fastest growing segment of the personal care industry and the use has risen drastically over the years. Nanocosmeceuticals used for skin, hair, nail, and lip care, for conditions like wrinkles, photoaging, hyperpigmentation, dandruff, and hair damage, have come into widespread use. Novel nanocarriers like liposomes, niosomes, nanoemulsions, microemulsion, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carrier, and nanospheres have replaced the usage of conventional delivery system. These novel nanocarriers have advantages of enhanced skin penetration, controlled and sustained drug release, higher stability, site specific targeting, and high entrapment efficiency. However, nanotoxicological researches have indicated concern regarding the impact of increased use of nanoparticles in cosmeceuticals as there are possibilities of nanoparticles to penetrate through skin and cause health hazards. This review on nanotechnology used in cosmeceuticals highlights the various novel carriers used for the delivery of cosmeceuticals, their positive and negative aspects, marketed formulations, toxicity, and regulations of nanocosmeceuticals.

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Role of Nanotechnology in Cosmeceuticals: A Review of Recent Advances.

Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) are at the forefront of the rapidly developing field of nanotechnology with several potential applications in drug delivery and research. Due to their unique size dependent properties, lipid nanoparticles offer possibility to develop new therapeutics. The ability to incorporate drugs into nanocarriers offers a new prototype in drug delivery that could use for drug targeting. Hence solid lipid nanoparticles hold great promise for reaching the goal of controlled and site specific drug delivery and hence attracted wide attention of researchers. This review presents a broad treatment of solid lipid nanoparticles discussing their aims, production procedures, advantages, limitations and their possible remedies. Appropriate analytical techniques for the characterization of SLN like photon correlation spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry are highlighted. Aspects of SLN route of administration and the in vivo fate of the carriers are also discussed.

Solid lipid nanoparticles: a review

Formulation and evaluation of solid lipid nanoparticles of ramipril.

https://www.jyoungpharm.org/sites/default/files/10.4103_0975-1483.100016.pdf

Preparation and evaluation of montelukast sodium loaded solid lipid nanoparticles.

The aim of the present study was to formulate topical gel containing clobetasol propionate niosomes to prolong the duration of action and prevent its side effects. The clobetasol propionate niosomes were prepared by altering the ratios between various non-ionic surfactants (Span 40, 60, 80) and cholesterol by three methods such as thin film hydration method, ether injection method and hand shaking method. The prepared niosomes were subjected to drug content analysis, entrapment efficiency, size analysis and invitro drug release studies. The higher entrapment efficiency (91.37%) was obtained with Span 60 niosomes (ratio of surfactant, cholesterol- 1 : 0.5) prepared by thin film hydration method was evaluated for its stability and formulated as gel formulation. The prepared niosomal gel (G2) and marketed gel (G3) were subjected to drug content analysis, in vitro drug release studies and in vivo pharmacodynamic studies. Our results suggested that the niosomal delivery of clobetasol propionate in carbopol gel base acts as a suitable topical drug delivery system to prolong the duration of action.

Formulation and evaluation of topical drug delivery system containing clobetasol propionate niosomes

The main objective of present investigation was to enhance the dissolution rate of water insoluble drug Candesartan cilexetil by using liquisolid technique. Liquisolid tablets were prepared using a mathematical model to calculate the required quantities of carrier and coating materials to produce acceptably flowable and compressible admixture. Propylene glycol, PEG 400, Cremophor EL, Capryol 90 and Tween 80 were used as non-volatile liquid vehicles. Avicel PH 102, Aerosil 200 and sodium starch glycolate were employed as carrier, coating material and disintegrant respectively. Drug concentration of 20% w/w (1:4 ratio of drug and liquid vehicle) and 40% w/w (1:2 ratio of drug and liquid vehicle) and R-values (carrier to coating materials ratio) of 10, 20 and 30 were used to formulate the tablets. The formulated liquisolid tablets were evaluated for various parameters including dissolution studies. It was found that the liquisolid tablets formulated with Cremophor EL at drug concentration of 20 % w/w showed higher dissolution profile when compared with other liquisolid formulations, pure drug and directly compressed tablets. The stability studies showed that the dissolution profiles of liquisolid tablets were not affected by ageing significantly. Infrared spectroscopic (IR) and Differential Scanning Calorimetric studies confirmed no interaction exists between drug and excipients. Powder X- ray diffraction studies (PXRD) suggested loss of drug crystallinity upon liquisolid formulation which was further confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

A. Abdul Hasan Sathali

Papers

Solid lipid nanoparticles: a review

Formulation and evaluation of solid lipid nanoparticles of ramipril.

Preparation and evaluation of montelukast sodium loaded solid lipid nanoparticles.

Formulation and evaluation of topical drug delivery system containing clobetasol propionate niosomes

Formulation of liquisolid tablets of candesartan cilexetil