Current status of research on optimum sizing of stand-alone hybrid solar–wind power generation systems

Operating temperature of photovoltaic modules: A survey of pertinent correlations

https://www.nuigalway.ie/power_electronics/documents/applied_thermal_engineering_2010.pdf

A thermal model for photovoltaic panels under varying atmospheric conditions

Buildings consume about 41.1% of primary energy and 74% of the electricity in the U.S. Better or even optimal building energy control and operation strategies provide great opportunities to reduce building energy consumption. Moreover, it is estimated by the National Energy Technology Laboratory that more than one-fourth of the 713 GW of U.S. electricity demand in 2010 could be dispatchable if only buildings could respond to that dispatch through advanced building energy control and operation strategies and smart grid infrastructure. Energy forecasting models for building energy systems are essential to building energy control and operation. Three general categories of building energy forecasting models have been reported in the literature which include white-box (physics-based), black-box (data-driven), and gray-box (combination of physics based and data-driven) modeling approaches. This paper summarizes the existing efforts in this area as well as other critical areas related to building energy modeling, such as short-term weather forecasting. An up-to-date overview of research on application of building energy modeling methods in optimal control for single building and multiple buildings is also summarized in this paper. Different model-based and model-free optimization methods for building energy system operation are reviewed and compared in this paper. Agent based modeling, as a new modeling strategy, has made a remarkable progress in distributed energy systems control and optimization in the past years. The research literature on application of agent based model in building energy system control and operation is also identified and discussed in this paper.

Review of building energy modeling for control and operation

Performance analysis of photovoltaic-thermal collector by explicit dynamic model

A thermal model for photovoltaic systems

Models of photovoltaic (PV) module electrical characteristics are well developed, because of the precise knowledge of the physics of semiconductor behaviour. The PV cell current-voltage characteristic is well known, and used in many models of array output. However, in many practical cases such as building-integrated photovoltaics, a model of power output only is required. Current-voltage revious researchers on which particular model should be used. This contrasts with the case of the diode model for I-V characteristics. In this work, an ef. ciency model of power output will be developed based on an adaptation of the established PV. fill factor method, and attempts are made to ground the irradiance and temperature characteristics in established theory in order to make a general PV power ef. ciency model. The model is validated using measured data from a 39.5-kW building-integrated PV array.

A modelling method for building-integrated photovoltaic power supply:

Photovoltaic cladding on the surfaces of commercial buildings has the potential for considerable reductions in carbon emissions due to embedded renewable power generation displacing conventional power utilization. In this paper, a model is described for the optimization of photovoltaic cladding densities on commercial building surfaces. The model uses a modi” ed form of the ‘fill factor’ method for photovoltaic power supply coupled to new regression-based procedures for power demand estimation. An optimization is included based on a de” ned ‘mean index of satisfaction’ for matched power supply and demand (i.e., zero power exportation to the grid). The mean index of satisfaction directly translates to the reduction in carbon emission that might be expected over conventional power use. On clear days throughout the year, reductions of conventional power use of at least 60% can be achieved with an optimum cladding pattern targeted to lighting and small power load demands.

/pdf/cladding-strategies-for-building-integrated-photovoltaics-3rm6o0b85m.pdf

Cladding strategies for building-integrated photovoltaics

A method is proposed for generating daily power demand pro” les for lighting and small power in commercial buildings. The method is based on second-order regression model ” tting to monitored half-day data sets. Results for both maximum and minimum daily patterns of demand are presented thus forming an envelope of certainty within which a ‘typical’ daily pro” le might be expected to lie. A comparison between the predicted envelopes and randomly selected monitored data shows that the model describes actual power utilization with a good degree of accuracy. A method is proposed for generating ‘typical’ power demand pro” les using a random number sequence with its limits de” ned by the bounds of the power demand envelope and results are presented for summer, winter and mid-season conditions. The results are applicable to power network design, building energy simulations and for predicting casual heat gain pro” les for building thermal analyses.

A method for profiling lighting and small power demands in buildings

This set of proceedings is based on the International Conference on Advances in Building Technology in Hong Kong on 4-6 December 2002. The two volumes of proceedings contain 9 invited keynote papers, 72 papers delivered by 11 teams , and 133 contributed papers from over 20 countries around the world. The papers cover a wide spectrum of topics across the three technology sub-themes of structures and construction, environment, and information technology. The variety within these categories spans a width of topics, and these proceedings provide readers with a good general overview of recent advances in building research.

A. D. Jones

Papers

A thermal model for photovoltaic systems

A modelling method for building-integrated photovoltaic power supply:

Cladding strategies for building-integrated photovoltaics

A method for profiling lighting and small power demands in buildings

Modelling of a close-coupled photovoltaic heat pump