https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2232&context=usdaarsfacpub

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of lignocellulosic biomass using infrared techniques: A mini-review

Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy (500 nm–2400 nm), coupled with multivariate analytic (MVA) statistical techniques, have been used to predict the chemical and mechanical properties of solid loblolly pine wood. The samples were selected from different radial locations and heights of three loblolly pine trees grown in Arkansas. The chemical composition and mechanical properties were measured with traditional wet chemical techniques and three point bending tests, respectively. The microfibril angle was measured with x-ray scattering. These chemical and mechanical properties were correlated with the NIR spectra using projection to latent structures (PLS) models. The correlations were very strong, with the correlation coefficients generally above 0.80. The mechanical properties could also be predicted using a reduced spectral range (650 nm–1150 nm) that should allow for field measurements of these properties using handheld NIR spectrometers.

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Use of near infrared spectroscopy to measure the chemical and mechanical properties of solid wood

La spectroscopie proche infrarouge, outil de diagnostic rapide de quelques proprietes de base pour le bois d'eucalyptus dans un programme d'amelioration genetique. L'evaluation des proprietes du bois a des fins de selection est generalement entravee par la duree et le cout des essais technologiques. Une des methodes probablement la plus adaptable aux mesures rapides sur le bois est la spectrometrie en reflexion diffuse dans le proche infrarouge (SPIR). Au Congo, une selection des meilleurs genotypes pour la plantation clonale est realisee au sein d'une famille d'eucalyptus de plein frere issue d'une hybridation. Sur cette base genetique etroite, a partir d'echantillons de bois broye, avant ou apres extraction, des relations quantitatives entre les bandes spectrales issues de la SPIR et le taux d'extraits, la quantite et la composition de la lignine, la deformation longitudinale de croissance et les retraits sont analyses en terme de precision de la prediction. Les resultats obtenus montrent que la SPIR peut etre utilisee efficacement pour predire les caracteristiques qui dependent etroitement de la constitution chimique du bois. Cependant, la mesure de reference doit etre precise et doit representer la plus large gamme de valeurs pour obtenir des predictions exploitables. Des ameliorations methodologiques et metrologiques sont envisageables.

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Near infrared analysis as a tool for rapid screening of some major wood characteristics in a eucalyptus breeding program

Traditional methods of assessing wood properties are both destructive and expensive, limiting the numbers of samples that can be processed. Over the past decade, non-destructive sampling techniques and new assessment methods have been developed leading to a large in- crease in the numbers of trees and traits that can be evaluated. This technology has enabled the assessment of progeny trials to determine the pat- terns of variation, degree of genetic control and economic importance of many wood traits, leading to the inclusion of wood properties in many eucalypt-breeding programs. Issues addressed in this paper include the potential markets and products for plantation eucalypts leading to a defi- nition of which wood properties should be assessed for a range of products. Current recommendations for non-destructive sampling for basic density, fibre length and predicted pulp yield in Eucalyptus globulus and E. nitens are provided. Other non-destructive assessment techniques are illustrated including cellulose content, acoustic testing methods for wood stiffness and SilviScan X-ray densitometry and diffraction analysis for density and microfibril angle. The degree of genetic control for wood properties is compared to tree growth traits and a series of issues and chal- lenges for the future presented. eucalypt / breeding / wood quality / genetic parameters / non-destructive sampling

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Genetics of Eucalyptus wood properties

The use of calibrated near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for the prediction of a range solid wood properties is described. The methods developed are applicable to large-scale nondestructive forest re...

Estimation of Eucalyptus delegatensis wood properties by near infrared spectroscopy

Near-infrared spectroscopy has been examined as a method for providing a rapid estimate of pulpwood quality based on small samples. The woods were drawn from three trees in ten provenances of Tasmanian Eucalyptus globulus. The measures of pulpwood quality were yield, soda charge at Kappa number 15, total lignin, and hot water and alkali solubles. The samples were divided to provide 24 which were used in obtaining the calibrations and six which served as unknowns. The calibrations were obtained by using standard. Norris and partial least squares regressions. Predictions of the various pulpwood quality measures were obtained with residual standard deviations in the range 0.8-2.6 units.

A. J. Michell

Papers

Pulpwood quality estimation by near-infrared spectroscopic measurements on eucalypt woods