Aerobic rice production system provides a sustainable alternative to the traditional rice cultivation. To evaluate the agronomic and economic effect of intercropping aerobic rice with four leafy vegetables, field experiments were conducted at University of Agriculture Science Bangalore research station, India during 2017 and 2018. The experiments consisted of 9 treatments with 4 replications and, a Randomized Completely Block Design was applied. The treatments were as follows: Intercropping (IC1): rice+amaranth; IC2: rice + coriander; IC3: rice + spinach, and IC4: rice + fenugreek plus other 5 treatments of solecrops (SC), SC5: rice, SC6: amaranth, SC7: coriander, SC8: spinach, and SC9: fenugreek. Results showed that intercropping produced significantly better plant growth and higher yields than sole crops. The rice-spinach intercrop produced highest rice grain yield (7,651 kg ha-1), vegetable yield (25,508 kg ha-1), land equivalent ratio (2.13), rice equivalent yield (16,153 kg ha-1), production efficiency (107.69 kg day-1), area time equivalent ratio (1.23) and system harvest index (0.77). Net return and benefit cost ratio of rice-spinach intercropping were also higher than that of sole crops. This suggests that intercropping of aerobic rice with leafy vegetables can be productive and economically efficient.

	 

	Key words: Aerobic rice, intercropping, leafy vegetables, productivity.

Effect of intercropping aerobic rice with leafy vegetables on crop growth, yield and its economic efficiency

The floating garden agricultural system of the Inle lake (Myanmar) as an example of equilibrium between food production and biodiversity maintenance

This study focuses on the production and profitability of the broiler farming by using Cobb-Douglas production function and Benefit-Cost analysis. For this purpose, data were collected from 50 broiler farmers living in Birol and Sadar upazila of Dinajpur district in 2020. The result revealed that involvement in broiler production seems to be profitable for the small-scale broiler farmers for the study areas notifying by net return as Tk. 6681 with a benefit-cost ratio greater than one, whereas the gross return was Tk.193367. The net return over the total cost is 0.075. The production function resulted that feed, medicines and human labor had significant positive effect on production of broiler whereas only rental cost had negative effect. Training had a highly significant (p<0.01) positive effect on production of broiler. Therefore, it can be recommended that training and proper use of drugs and medicine should be encouraged because of their significant impact. Government and NGOs should also arrange more training for improving broiler production in Bangladesh. \nInt. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(1): 69-73, June 2021

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Production and profitability of small scale broiler farming in selected areas of Dinajpur district, Bangladesh

Area shift in favour of fruits has been suggested as a viable option to stabilize and raise farm income, enhance agricultural growth, and increase employment opportunities Studies on micro-level decision taking for area shift in favour of fruits are very scanty Therefore, an attempt was made to assess the socioeconomic status of jujube farmers, relative profitability of jujube cultivation, and factors influencing the shifting lands from cereal to jujube cultivation The study was conducted in three districts, namely Pabna, Natore and Chapai Nababgonj during 2012-13 A total of 180 farmers taking 60 from each district were selected randomly for the study The per hectare costs of jujube cultivation were Tk 2,77,232 in the 1 st year; Tk 2,27,925 in the 2 nd year; and Tk 1,90,217 in the 3 rd year The average yields of jujube were found highest in the 3rd year (1554 t/ha) followed by 2 nd year (996 t/ha) Per hectare net returns from jujube cultivation were Tk 1,45,978 in the 2 nd year and Tk 3,45,720 in the 3 rd year The total cost of jujube cultivation was around 50% higher than the costs incurred for different cropping patterns The net return of jujube cultivation was 57% higher compared to different cropping patterns The shifting of cereal lands to jujube cultivation was reported to be a profitable enterprise as indicated by higher BCR (147), net present value (Tk 2,31,791), and internal rate of return IRR (94%) of jujube cultivation Relative income and education turned out to be positively significant, whereas age and food crop requirements at home negatively significant for shifting decision from cereal crops to jujube cultivation Disease and insect infestation, lack of training facilities, and lack of access to credit were the major constraints for jujube cultivation Jujube cultivation may be encouraged from state authority to increase farmers? income DOI: http://dxdoiorg/103329/bjarv39i220427 Bangladesh J Agril Res 39(2): 243-262, June 2014

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Impact of shifting of land under cereal crops to jujube cultivation in selected areas of Bangladesh

The aim of this study was to calculate the cost benefit analysis and economic viability of seedling production on the floating bed at Nazirpur Upazila in Pirojpur district of Bangladesh. The study area was selected purposively and 50 households (HHs) were surveyed through purposive sampling technique from a population of 80 households. From the results of those primary data, it was found that 68% farmers were engaged in seedling production as business purpose, and 30% as both own and business, 21 vegetables and spices seedlings were cultivated in the studied area. Average per square meter cost for floating seedling cultivation found BDT (Bangladeshi taka) 281 and benefit was BDT 401. The net benefit of floating agriculture found BDT 120 and with a BCR of 1.43. Income from floating seedlings mainly utilized in winter vegetable cultivation (Kandi), mainstream agriculture, business, house development and land purchase etc. Fifty percent (50%) of the floating farmers mentioned various constraints regarding floating seedling production such as lack of government aid, higher interest from NGOs and lack of capital. Among the surveyed respondents, 64% agreed that floating cultivation is effective to combat climate change and 76% replied as beneficial to the environment. Although floating agriculture is an indigenous age-old practice in the South-western region of Bangladesh, it can be replicated with the help of subsidy and agro-technology.

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Cost-benefit Analysis of Seedling Production on Floating Beds in a Few Selected Areas of Bangladesh

Floating gardening acts as a fruitful climate-change adaptation strategy in different wetland areas of Bangladesh. The study accomplished to examine the profitability of floating gardening in Gopalgonj district of Bangladesh in 2018. A total of 100 floating gardeners were interviewed to achieve the objectives. Descriptive statistics and Cobb-Douglas production function were used to investigate the factors influencing yield of floating gardening. The findings reveal that, small and marginal farmers were more involved in floating gardening. Around sixty-five percent of the production costs was contributed by human labour. Floating gardeners of the study area earned a net return of BDT 457,901 per hectare per year. Human labour, fertilizers and support materials significantly affected the yield. More training and improved marketing system could further enhance the profitability.
Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 10(1): 87-93, June 2020

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Floating gardening in Bangladesh: a sustainable income generating activity in wetland areas.

The study was carried out to analyse the economics of shifting land from field crops to hog plum cultivation in southern Bangladesh during July to September 2018. A total of 120 farmers were selected by using multistage stratified random sampling technique to collect primary data. Result of the study shows that the per hectare average total cost of hog plum cultivation was Tk. 94,126. The average yield of hog plum was 7.97 t ha-1 . Net return from hog plum cultivation was Tk. 126,921 per hectare. By cultivating hog plum, farmers obtained 56 to 93% higher net return than the other existing cropping patterns. Since the BCR (2.94), NPV (Tk. 2215,000) and IRR (59%) were very high, the land shifting decision towards hog plum cultivation was sensible. However, BCR was very low in the initial stages of hog plum plantation. Initial investment support from public or private sector could facilitate the growth of this cultivation practice.

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Economics of shifting land from field crops to hog plum (Spondias mombin L.) cultivation in southern Bangladesh

Bangladesh is one of the most densely populated countries with immense pressure on agricultural land in rural areas. Mainstream of the rural households depend on either agriculture or its associated activities for their livelihood. However, rural land distribution is highly skewed, majority of them are landless. Under such a land scarce situation, farmers in rural areas have been gradually inclining towards land tenancy. Present study steered to explore the nature and volume of temporary land transaction through tenancy agreement in studied areas and to scrutinize its role in aligning land distribution. In 2017, a total of 166 farmers were randomly selected from two different villages in Jashore district for study. Result of the study administrated that land tenancy practice has been significantly mitigating land disparity among rural farmers. Study also explored that comparatively rich farmers are leaning towards tenant out land and most of these lands tenanted in by the landless and marginal farmers. Consequently, on an average landless farm could significantly increases their cultivable land from 0.01 acre to 0.98 acre compared to the marginal farm 0.31 to 0.73 acres. At the same time, cultivable land of medium farm has decreased as of 3.74 acres to 2.83 acres in studied villages.
Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 10(2): 164-169, December 2020

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A.K. Ghosh

Papers

Floating gardening in Bangladesh: a sustainable income generating activity in wetland areas.

Economics of shifting land from field crops to hog plum (Spondias mombin L.) cultivation in southern Bangladesh

Mitigation of land scarcity situation through tenure practices: a study on two selected villages in Jashore district of Bangladesh