Organotin(IV)n+ complexes formed with biologically active ligands: equilibrium and structural studies, and some biological aspects

Organotin(IV) complexes of amino acids and peptides

Schiff bases are the most widely used versatile ligands, able to coordinate many elements and to stabilize them in various oxidation states. Recently, this class of compounds has been employed as models for biological systems, and in control of stereochemistry in six-coordinate transition metal complexes. Recently, the chemistry of organotin(IV) complexes of Schiff bases has also stemmed from their antitumour, antimicrobial, antinematicidal, anti-insecticidal and anti-inflammatory activities. Furthermore, organotin(IV) complexes of Schiff bases present a wide variety of interesting structural possibilities. Both aliphatic and aromatic Schiff bases in their neutral and deprotonated forms have been used to yield adducts and chelates with variable stoichiometry and different modes of coordination. This critical review (>155 references) focuses upon the chemistry and biological applications of organotin(IV) complexes of Schiff bases reported in the past 15 years. Thermal behavior of these complexes is also discussed.

Chemistry and applications of organotin(IV) complexes of Schiff bases

Antibiotic and Chemotherapy

Biological activity studies on organotin(IV)n+ complexes and parent compounds

Three bidentate Schiff bases having nitrogen and sulphur donor sequences were prepared by condensing S-benzyldithiocarbazate (NH(2)NHCS(2)CH(2)C(6)H(5)) with heterocyclic aldehydes. The reaction of diphenyltin dichloride with Schiff bases leads to the formation of a new series of organotin(IV) complexes. An attempt has been made to prove their structures on the basis of elemental analyses, conductance measurements, molecular weights determinations, UV, infrared, and multinuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H, (13)C, and (119)Sn) spectral studies. Organotin(IV) complexes were five- and six-coordinate. Schiff bases and their corresponding organotin complexes have also been screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities and found to be quite active in this respect.

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Synthetic, structural, and biochemical studies of organotin(IV) with Schiff bases having nitrogen and sulphur donor ligands.

Synthesis and structural studies of tin(II) complexes of semicarbazones and thiosemicarbazones

The present paper describes the syntheses, characterization of some new coordination compounds of organotin(IV) with Schiffbases derived by condensation of heterocyclic ketones and amino acids, viz. glycine, β-alanine, α-valine, α-isoleucine and α-tryptophan. The newely prepared compounds have been characterized by elemental analysis, conductance measurements, molecular weight determinations, infrared and nuclear magnatic resonance (1H, 13C and 119Sn NMR) spectral studies. An trigonal bipyramidal geometry has been proposed for all of the complexes. A few representative ligands and their tin complexes have also been screened for their antibacterial activities and found to be quite active in this respect.

Studies on Coordination Compounds of Organotin(IV) with Schiff Bases of Amino Acids

Some new hexa-coordinated organotin complexes [Bu2Sn(NN)2] (where NN is the anion of various Schiff bases) have been synthesized and characterized on the basis of elemental analysis, conductivity measurements, molecular weight determination, and ultraviolet, infrared and multinuclear magnetic resonance (1H, 13C and 119Sn) spectral studies. A few representative complexes have also been screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activity and found to be quite active in this respect. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Organotin(IV) complexes of biologically active Schiff bases derived from heterocyclic ketones and sulpha drugs

The reactions of dimethyltin dichloride with nitrogen and sulfur donor ligands derived by condensation of S-benzyldithiocarbazate with indol-3-carboxylaldehyde, thiophene-2-aldehyde and furfuraldehyde have been investigated in 1:1 and 1:2 molar ratios in anhydrous alcohol. These ligands act as mononegatively charged bidentate species and coordinate to the central tin(IV) atom through the thiosulfur by proton exchange with the azomethine nitrogen. The newly synthesized complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, conductance measurements and molecular weight determinations. The mode of bonding and the geometry of the complexes have been suggested on the basis of infrared, electronic and 1H, 13C and 119Sn NMR spectroscopy, and probable structures have been assigned to these complexes. A few representative ligands and their tin(IV) complexes have also been screened for their antifungal and antibacterial activities and found to be quite active in this respect. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

A. K. Varshney

Papers

Synthetic, structural, and biochemical studies of organotin(IV) with Schiff bases having nitrogen and sulphur donor ligands.

Synthesis and structural studies of tin(II) complexes of semicarbazones and thiosemicarbazones

Studies on Coordination Compounds of Organotin(IV) with Schiff Bases of Amino Acids

Organotin(IV) complexes of biologically active Schiff bases derived from heterocyclic ketones and sulpha drugs

Synthesis and characterization of coordination compounds of organotin(IV) with nitrogen and sulfur donor ligands