The paper presents the results of tests aimed at evaluating the surface textures of samples manufactured from material based on 316L stainless steel The analysis of the surface topography was conducted based on the classical approach in accordance with the current standard and with the use of multiscale methods; ie, wavelet transformation and geometric via curvature Selective laser melting 3D printing technology was used to produce samples for surface testing Furthermore, additional assessment of surfaces created as result of milling was conducted Statistical research demonstrated a differentiation in the distribution of particular morphological features in certain ranges of the analyzed scales

https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/11/2794/pdf

Multiscale Analysis of Surface Texture Quality of Models Manufactured by Laser Powder-Bed Fusion Technology and Machining from 316L Steel.

In this article, we report the results of experimental studies on the impact of ball burnishing parameters on the roughness, microstructure and microhardness of the surface layer of laser-cut C45 steel parts. We also analysed the distribution of residual stresses generated in the surface layer of these parts. Laser-cut parts often require finishing to improve the quality of their surface. The tests performed in this study were aimed at assessing whether ball burnishing could be used as a finishing operation for parts of this type. Ball burnishing tests were performed on an FV-580a vertical machining centre using a mechanically controlled burnishing tool. The following parameters were varied during the ball burnishing tests: burnishing force Fn, path interval fw and the diameter of the burnishing ball dn. Ball burnishing of laser-cut C45 steel parts reduced the surface roughness parameters Sa and Sz by up to 60% in relation to the values obtained after laser cutting. Finish machining also led to the reorganization of the geometric structure of the surface, resulting in an increase in the absolute value of skewness Ssk. This was accompanied by an increment in microhardness (maximum microhardness increment was ΔHV = 95 HV0.05, and the thickness of the hardened layer was gh = 40 µm) and formation of compressive residual stresses in the surface layer.

Selected Properties of the Surface Layer of C45 Steel Parts Subjected to Laser Cutting and Ball Burnishing

This paper describes the changes in the mechanical properties and fracture character of ironbased composites with alumina and zirconia nanoadditives. To assess the effect of nanooxide additives one of the design of experiments methods viz the Simplex Lattice Design have been used. It was found that with the introduction of nanooxides, zones of both high and low hardness can be formed depending on their composition. The presence of nanoadditives affects the character of the stress-strain dependences and the breaking flexural and compressive stresses. The introduction of alumina nanoparticulates into the base material has a negative effect on the breaking stresses when compression and flexing, and zirconia nanoparticulates, on the contrary, substantially increase these stresses. The nanoadditives composition affects significantly the nature of MMCs based on iron fractures.

On the evaluation of certain strength characteristics and fracture features of iron-based sintered MMCs with nanooxide additives

Optimization of subtractive-transformative hybrid processes supported by the technological heredity concept

The paper presents literature review concerning the aftermarket additives used in lubricating oils. Classification, principle of operation and scientific research of aftermarket additive operational effectiveness was presented. In majority of cases lubricating oils modified by aftermarket, additives are tested by means of a four-ball extreme pressure tester T-02 or friction machine T-05. Tester T-02 is used to determine lubricating oil parameters like weld load Pz, maximum non-seizure load Pn, seizure load Pt, load wear index Ih and load limit of wear Goz according to Polish Norm (PN-76/C-04147). Investigation of the tribological properties (friction force, wear of the matching elements) is executed by means of friction machine T-05. Until now, scientific research does not result in unequivocal assessment of the aftermarket additives. It come from big variety of aftermarket additives (chemical interaction aftermarket additives, additives that contain molecules of solid lubricants, additives that are able to form conditions for selective transfer lubrication) and their various principles of operation. Now the chemical interaction aftermarket additives have the widest application. These additives join permanently with lubricating oil, so they do not precipitate on the filters and do not create heat-insulating layers unlike the additives which contain molecules of solid lubricants (for example PTFE). Chemical interaction aftermarket additives improve antiwear (AW) and antiseizue (EP) properties of lube oils, decrease temperature in friction area and consequently minimize wear of the machines metal elements. Their functioning efficiency is usually the highest in hard working conditions (high loads, polluted environment, deteriorating technical condition of friction node elements) and in case of oils worse equipped with AW and EP additives (machine and hydraulic oils). In case of polymers, the influence of aftermarket additives is ambiguous.

http://yadda.icm.edu.pl/yadda/element/bwmeta1.element.baztech-a4dc7722-6eb4-48c6-8ec8-01856bf7c2be/c/MLYNARCZAK.pdf

The aftermarket additives used in lubricating oils

When processing EN GJSFP 450-10 ductile cast iron. The L18 Taguchi robust plan was used to optimize the processing conditions. The application of this method allowed determination of optimal conditions taking into account the conditions of pre-turning and burnishing. Due to optimization, the value of the S/N parameter increased by 25%. Best results were achieved when using a minimum turning and burnishing feed ratio, minimum turning speed, a large nose radius of the turning tool, maximum burnishing speed and indirect burnishing force in the presence of base oil. The phenomenon of technological heredity action was observed when roller burnishing, in other words, the influence of the pre-burnishing process conditions on the Ra surface roughness parameter after burnishing.

http://nopr.niscair.res.in/bitstream/123456789/29202/1/JSIR%2073%288%29%20559-565.pdf

Technological heredity when roller burnishing of ductile cast iron

Wykorzystanie metody planowania badań G. Taguchi do analizy i optymalizacji procesu nagniatania żeliwa EN-GJLP-250

Właściwości tribologiczne żeliwa EN-GJSFP-500-7 nagniatanego w obecności preparatów eksploatacyjnych na bazie środków smarnych stałych i o działaniu chemicznym

A. Lewandowski

Papers

Technological heredity when roller burnishing of ductile cast iron

Wykorzystanie metody planowania badań G. Taguchi do analizy i optymalizacji procesu nagniatania żeliwa EN-GJLP-250

Właściwości tribologiczne żeliwa EN-GJSFP-500-7 nagniatanego w obecności preparatów eksploatacyjnych na bazie środków smarnych stałych i o działaniu chemicznym

Wpływ preparatu eksploatacyjnego R-2000 na stan stereometryczny powierzchni w procesie tarcia żeliwa GJL-250

Ocena właściwości tribologicznych żeliwa EN-GJSFP 450-10 po obróbce nagniataniem, warunkowanych rodzajem środka smarnego