A. López Agudo

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used ammonium carbonate and nitric acid washing solutions to extract uncombined copper oxide and showed that ammonium-carbonate was only effective for removing dispersed CuO, whereas nitric acids removed both dispersed and crystalline CuO. The results indicated that the active sites are copper species derived from CuAl2O4 and CuCr2O 4 spinels rather than from CuO and indicated that Cu species in tetrahedral coordination lead to higher activity.

TL;DR: The influence of impregnation pH and molybdenum content on the surface structure of catalysts has been studied by temperature-programmed reduction, X-ray diffraction and zeta potential measurements as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this article, the effect of water extraction on surface structure and gas oil HDS activity of alumina-supported Mo and NiMo catalysts, prepared at acidic and near neutral pH, and by sequential and simultaneous impregnation procedures, was studied by measuring structural characterization using temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) and catalytic activity before and after metal extraction with water.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of preparation method and metal loading on the hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of thiophene, and on the dispersion and location of Ni and/or W species in Ni, W and NiW sulfides supported on USY zeolite, was investigated by temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, N 2 adsorption and acidity determination.

TL;DR: In this paper, a characterization of the oxide form of the catalysts by several techniques (X-ray diffraction, XPS, ESR, O2 chemisorption, and H2 reduction) revealed that the oxidic Mo phase was highly and homogeneously dispersed, essentially in monolayer form, on TiO2; well-dispersed and coordinatively heterogeneous on Al2O3; and poorly and heterogeneously spread on SiO2 and carbon, in which the presence of three-dimensional MoO3 crystallites was detected.