Rotating elliptical gaussian beams in nonlinear media

Ermakov Hamiltonian systems in nonlinear optics of elliptic Gaussian beams

Astigmatic telescopic transformation of a high-order optical vortex

With an example of the Laguerre–Gaussian LG01 mode we show that the free-space evolution of a vortex light beam can be interpreted as the mechanical motion of a 'body' whose density is determined by the mass equivalent of the beam energy. As mechanical attributes, this 'body' possesses angular velocity and moment of inertia, in addition to the common orbital angular momentum. The beam 'body' is not rigid and its radial layers glide with respect to each other analogous to the motion occurring in fluid vortices. Absolute values of the layer velocities agree with the energy transfer rates following from the consideration of the Poynting vector distribution.

An optical vortex as a rotating body: mechanical features of a singular light beam

A solution to the paraxial wave equation for Laguerre-Gaussian beams with complex and real arguments in a uniaxial crystal is found and analyzed. It is shown that the beams with a complex argument form a complete group of the solution, while the beams with a real argument satisfy the equation only for an arbitrary radial index, with the azimuthal index being fixed and equal to l = 1. The evolution of phase singularities is considered by the example of transformation of the structure of topological multipoles and generation of optical vortices.

Laguerre-gaussian beams with complex and real arguments in a uniaxial crystal

Gaussian light beams

INTRODUCTION
The relevance of studying the circulation of human respiratory viruses among laboratory primates is associated with the need to test vaccines and antiviral drugs against these infections on monkeys.The aim of this work was to study the prevalence of serological and molecular markers of human respiratory viral infections in laboratory primates born at the Adler Primate Center and in imported monkeys.


MATERIAL AND METHODS
Blood serum samples (n = 1971) and lung autopsy material (n = 26) were obtained from different monkey species. These samples were tested for the presence of serological markers of measles, parainfluenza (PI) types 1, 2, 3, influenza A and B, respiratory syncytial (RS) and adenovirus infections using enzyme immunoassay (ELISA). Detection of RS virus, metapneumovirus, PI virus types 1-4, rhinovirus, coronavirus, and adenoviruses B, C, E and bocavirus nucleic acids in this material was performed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).


RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The overall prevalence of antibodies (Abs) among all monkeys was low and amounted 11.3% (95% CI: 9.2-13.7%, n = 811) for measles virus, 8.9% (95% CI: 6.2-12.2%, n = 381) for PI type 3 virus, 2.5% (95% CI: 0.8-5.6%, n = 204) for PI type 1 virus, and 7.7% (95% CI: 3.8-13.7%, n = 130) for adenoviruses. When testing 26 autopsy lung samples from monkeys of different species that died from pneumonia, 2 samples from Anubis baboons (Papio аnubis) were positive for of parainfluenza virus type 3 RNA.


CONCLUSION
Our data suggest the importance of the strict adherence to the terms of quarantine and mandatory testing of monkey sera for the presence of IgM antibodies to the measles virus that indicate the recent infection. The role of PI virus type 3 in the pathology of the respiratory tract in Anubis baboons has been established.

[Prevalence of laboratory markers of human respiratory viruses in monkeys of Adler primate center].

It is six decades since the measles vaccine was first introduced, and yet we continue to see frequent outbreaks of this disease occurring all over the world. Many non‐human primate (NHP) species, including apes, are susceptible to the measles virus. Spontaneous measles outbreaks have been described in a number of zoos and primate centers worldwide. Research into the spontaneous and experimental infection of laboratory primates with measles represents an invaluable source of information regarding the biology and pathogenesis of this virus and continues to be an irreplaceable and unique tool for testing vaccines and treatments. The purpose of this literature review is to summarize and analyze published data on the circulation of the measles virus among free‐living synanthropic and captive primate populations, as well as the results of experiments that have modeled this infection in NHPs.

A. M. Goncharenko

Papers

Gaussian light beams

[Prevalence of laboratory markers of human respiratory viruses in monkeys of Adler primate center].

Measles in non‐human primates