http://staff.ulsu.ru/moliver/ref/polymers/pott11.pdf

Graphene-based polymer nanocomposites

The heterogeneity of as-synthesized single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) precludes their widespread application in electronics, optics and sensing. We report on the sorting of carbon nanotubes by diameter, bandgap and electronic type using structure-discriminating surfactants to engineer subtle differences in their buoyant densities. Using the scalable technique of density-gradient ultracentrifugation, we have isolated narrow distributions of SWNTs in which >97% are within a 0.02-nm-diameter range. Furthermore, using competing mixtures of surfactants, we have produced bulk quantities of SWNTs of predominantly a single electronic type. These materials were used to fabricate thin-film electrical devices of networked SWNTs characterized by either metallic or semiconducting behaviour.

Sorting carbon nanotubes by electronic structure using density differentiation

We show that the Raman scattering technique can give complete structural information for one-dimensional systems, such as carbon nanotubes. Resonant confocal micro-Raman spectroscopy of an (n,m) individual single-wall nanotube makes it possible to assign its chirality uniquely by measuring one radial breathing mode frequency omega(RBM) and using the theory of resonant transitions. A unique chirality assignment can be made for both metallic and semiconducting nanotubes of diameter d(t), using the parameters gamma(0) = 2.9 eV and omega(RBM) = 248/d(t). For example, the strong RBM intensity observed at 156 cm(-1) for 785 nm laser excitation is assigned to the (13,10) metallic chiral nanotube on a Si/SiO2 surface.

Structural (n,m) determination of isolated single wall carbon nanotubes by resonant Raman scattering

2.3. Ionic Liquids (ILs) 5374 2.4. Complexation Reactions on Oxidized CNTs 5375 2.5. Halogenation 5376 2.6. Cycloaddition Reactions 5377 2.7. Radical Additions 5379 2.8. Nucleophilic Additions 5381 2.9. Electrophilic Additions 5381 2.10. Electrochemical Modifications 5381 2.11. Plasma-Activation 5381 2.12. Mechanochemical Functionalizations 5382 3. Noncovalent Interactions 5382 3.1. Polynuclear Aromatic Compounds 5382 3.2. Interactions with Other Substances 5384 3.3. Interactions with Biomolecules 5385 4. Endohedral Filling 5386 4.1. Encapsulation of Fullerenes 5386 4.2. Encapsulation of Organic Substances 5387 4.3. Encapsulation of Inorganic Substances 5387 5. Decoration of CNTs with Metal Nanoparticles 5388 5.1. Covalent Linkage 5388 5.2. Direct Formation on Defect Sites 5388 5.3. Electroless Deposition 5388 5.4. Electrodeposition 5389 5.5. Chemical Decoration 5390 5.6. Deposition of Nanoparticles onto CNTs 5391 5.7. π-π Stacking and Electrostatic Interactions 5391 6. Concluding Remarks 5392 7. Acknowledgments 5392 8. References 5392

Current progress on the chemical modification of carbon nanotubes.

Carbon Nanomaterials for Biological Imaging and Nanomedicinal Therapy

We have investigated a wide variety of surfactants for their efficiency in dissolving isolated single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) in water. In doing so, we have completely avoided the harsh chemical or mechanical conditions, such as acid or ultrasonic treatments, that are known to damage SWNTs. Bile salts in particular are found to be exceptionally effective in dissolving individual tubes, as evidenced by highly resolved optical absorption spectra, bright bandgap fluorescence, and the unprecedented resolution (∼ 2.5 cm - 1 ) of the radial breathing modes in Raman spectra. This is attributed to the formation of very regular and stable micelles around the nanotubes providing an unusually homogeneous environment. Quantitative information concerning the degree of solubilization is obtained from absorption spectroscopy.

Efficient isolation and solubilization of pristine single-walled nanotubes in bile salt micelles

We studied the ring and linear schemes of erbium-doped fibre lasers in which passive mode locking was achieved with the help of saturable absorbers made of high-optical quality films based on cellulose derivatives with dispersed single-wall carbon nanotubes. The films were prepared by the original method with the use of nanotubes synthesised by the arc discharge method. The films exhibit nonlinear absorption at a wavelength of 1.5 μm. Pulses in the form of optical solitons of duration 1.17 ps at a avelength of 1.56 μm were generated in the ring scheme of the erbium laser. The average output power was 1.1 mW at a pulse repetition rate of 20.5 MHz upon pumping by the 980-nm, 25-mW radiation from a laser diode. The pulse duration in the linear scheme was reduced to 466 fs for the output power up to 4 mW and a pulse repetition rate of 28.5 MHz. The specific feature of these lasers is a low pump threshold in the regime of generation of ultrashort pulses.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1070/QE2007v037n03ABEH013520/pdf

Self-mode-locking in erbium-doped fibre lasers with saturable polymer film absorbers containing single-wall carbon nanotubes synthesised by the arc discharge method

An erbium-doped fibre laser operating in self-mode-locked regime achieved with the help of a saturable absorber based on single-wall carbon nanotubes synthesised by the arc-discharge method is fabricated and studied. Due to the development of an original method for preparing samples, films of the optical quality containing individual single-wall carbon nanotubes were synthesised. The study of the dependence of resonance absorption at a wavelength of 1.5 μm on the laser radiation intensity transmitted through a film showed that these films have nonlinear transmission and can be used in fibre lasers as saturable absorbers to provide self-mode locking. Stable transform-limited pulses having the shape of optical solitons were generated at a wavelength of 1557.5 nm in the laser with a ring resonator. The pulse duration was 1.13 ps at a pulse repetition rate of 20.5 MHz. The continuous output power achieved 1.1 mW upon pumping by a 25-mW laser diode at 980 nm.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1070/QE2007v037n09ABEH013523/pdf

Ultrashort-pulse erbium-doped fibre laser using a saturable absorber based on single-wall carbon nanotubes synthesised by the arc-discharge method

A linear relationship was found between the first reduction potentials (E°red) and electron affinities (EA) for fullerenes C60 and C70, their hydro- and fluoro-derivatives, and aromatic hydrocarbons: E°red = –3.04 + 0.81·EA. This equation was used to estimate the unknown values of EA = 2.45 eV for C60H2, 2.47 eV for C70H2, –0.15 eV for C70H36—38, –0.41 eV for C70H44—46, and E°red = –1.74—–1.91 V (vs. Fc0/+) for C60H18.

Relationship between reduction potentials and electron affinities of fullerenes and their derivatives

The present work reports the studies of the solubilization of single-wall carbon nanotubes in aqueous solutions of calix[4]resorcinarene derivatives and p-sulfonato-calix[n]arenes (n = 4, 6) modified by alkyl (butyl and dodecyl) substituents. The highest dispersion ability is demonstrated by calix[4]resocinarene, which bears aminomethyl groups on the upper rim and phosphorus-bearing alkyl fragments on the lower rim of calixarene. Optical absorption spectroscopy justifies the formation of stable suspensions of SWNT in aqueous solutions of calixarenes.

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Anatoly_Lobach2/publication/227701679_Solubilization_of_singlewall_carbon_nanotubes_in_aqueous_solutions_of_calixarenes/links/0fcfd50079581c57db000000.pdf

A. S. Lobach

Papers

Efficient isolation and solubilization of pristine single-walled nanotubes in bile salt micelles

Self-mode-locking in erbium-doped fibre lasers with saturable polymer film absorbers containing single-wall carbon nanotubes synthesised by the arc discharge method

Ultrashort-pulse erbium-doped fibre laser using a saturable absorber based on single-wall carbon nanotubes synthesised by the arc-discharge method

Relationship between reduction potentials and electron affinities of fullerenes and their derivatives

Solubilization of single-wall carbon nanotubes in aqueous solutions of calixarenes