Hybrid solid oxide fuel cells–gas turbine systems for combined heat and power: A review

https://research.birmingham.ac.uk/portal/files/53643809/APEN2017.pdf

Performance-based health monitoring, diagnostics and prognostics for condition-based maintenance of gas turbines: A review

Performance analysis of an Integrated Solar Combined Cycle using Direct Steam Generation in parabolic trough collectors

The milk processing industry is one of the world's staple industries, thus the treatment possibilities of dairy effluents have been attracting more and more attention. The purpose of the paper is to review contemporary research on dairy wastewater. The origin, categories, as well as liquid by-products and general indicators of real dairy wastewater are described. Different procedures applied for dairy wastewater management are summarised. Attention is focused on in-factory treatment technologies with the emphasis on biological processes. Aerobic and anaerobic methods with both their advantages and disadvantages are discussed in detail. Consecutive anaerobic and aerobic systems are analysed, too. Finally, future research niches are identified.

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General Characteristics and Treatment Possibilities of Dairy Wastewater - A Review.

Engine diagnostic practices are as old as the gas turbine itself. Monitoring and analysis methods have progressed in sophistication over the past 6 decades as the gas turbine evolved in form and complexity. While much of what will be presented here may equally apply to both stationary power plants and aero-engines, the emphasis will be on aero propulsion.Beginning with primarily empirical methods centering around monitoring the mechanical integrity of the machine, the evolution of engine diagnostics has benefited from advances in sensing, electronic monitoring devices, increased fidelity in engine modeling and analytical methods. The primary motivation in this development is, not surprisingly, cost. The ever increasing cost of fuel, engine prices, spare parts, maintenance and overhaul, all contribute to the cost of an engine over its entire life cycle. Diagnostics can be viewed as a means to mitigate risk in decisions that impact operational integrity. This can have a profound impact on safety, such as In-Flight Shut Downs (IFSD) for aero applications, (outages for land based applications) and economic impact caused by Unscheduled Engine Removals (UERs), part life, maintenance and overhaul and the overall logistics of maintaining an aircraft fleet or power generation plants.This paper will review some of the methods used in the preceding decades to address these issues, their evolution to current practices and some future trends. While several different monitoring and diagnostic systems will be addressed, the emphasis in this paper will be centered on those dealing with the aero-thermodynamic performance of the engine.© 2013 ASME

Gas Turbine Engine Health Management: Past, Present and Future Trends

Greater use is being made of dynamic simulation of energy systems as a design tool for selecting control strategies and establishing operating procedures. This paper discusses the dynamic modeling of a gas-fired combined-cycle power plant with a gas turbine, a steam turbine, and an alternator-all rotating on a common shaft. A waste-heat boiler produces steam at two pressures using heat from the gas turbine flus gas. The transient behavior of the system predicted by the model for various upset situations appears physically reasonable and satisfactory for the operating constraints

Adaptive Simulation of Gas Turbine Performance

Cheese whey utilization is of major concern nowadays. Its high organic matter content, in combination with the high volumes produced and limited treatment options make cheese whey a serious environmental problem. However, the potential production of biogas (methane), hydrogen or other marketable products with a simultaneous high COD reduction through appropriate treatment proves that cheese whey must be considered as an energy resource rather than a pollutant. The presence of biodegradable components in the cheese whey coupled with the advantages of anaerobic digestion processes over other treatment methods makes anaerobic digestion an attractive and suitable treatment option. This paper intends to review the most representative applications of anaerobic treatment of cheese whey currently being exploited and under research. Moreover, an effort has been made to categorize the common characteristics of the various research efforts and find a comparative basis, as far as their results are concerned. In addition, a number of dairy industries already using such anaerobic digestion systems are presented.

Biotechnological utilization with a focus on anaerobic treatment of cheese whey: Current status and prospects

Incorporating available micro gas turbines and fuel cell: Matching considerations and performance evaluation

A common feature of all Differential Gas Path Analysis methods is the necessity of measuring a number of performance variables greater or at least equal to the number of diagnostic parameters which have to be estimated. Discrete Operating Conditions Gas Path Analysis (DOCGPA) is an extended version of the conventional GPA algorithms, providing-among other things-the capability to overcome this problem. In the present paper, we describe how this method can be coupled with an engine computer model, in order to perform component directed fault diagnosis. Application to a commercial turbofan engine demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method. Nomenclature [C] = influence coefficient matrix EPR = engine pressure ratio / = scalar defined in Eq. (8) k = number of different operating points [M] = information matrix m = number of unknown component parameters n = number of measured variables [P] = covariance matrix of unknown components parameters m = number of unknown component parameters PEUI = performance estimation uncertainty index (equal to J) [R] = covariance matrix of measures variables tr{ } =' trace of a matrix u = operating condition vector x = component parameter vector y = measurement vector A( ) = percentage change from an initial value 2 = summation Superscripts T = transpose matrix -1 = inverse matrix

Jet Engine Fault Detection with Discrete Operating Points Gas Path Analysis

A method is presented allowing the simulation of Gas Turbine performance with the possibility of adapting to engine particularities. Measurements along the gas path are used, in order to adapt a given performance model by appropriate modification of the component maps. The proposed method can provide accurate simulation for engines of the same type, differing due to manufacturing or assembly tolerances. It doesn’t require accurate component maps, as they are derived during the adaptation process. It can also be used for health monitoring purposes, introducing thus a novel approach for component condition assessment. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by application to an industrial Gas Turbine.Copyright © 1989 by ASME

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A. Stamatis

Papers

Adaptive Simulation of Gas Turbine Performance

Biotechnological utilization with a focus on anaerobic treatment of cheese whey: Current status and prospects

Incorporating available micro gas turbines and fuel cell: Matching considerations and performance evaluation

Jet Engine Fault Detection with Discrete Operating Points Gas Path Analysis

Adaptive simulation of gas-turbine performance