Anaerobic process modelling is a mature and well-established field, largely guided by a mechanistic model structure that is defined by our understanding of underlying processes. This led to publication of the IWA ADM1, and strong supporting, analytical, and extension research in the 15 years since its publication. However, the field is rapidly expanding, in terms of new technology, new processes, and the need to consider anaerobic processes in a much broader context of the wastewater cycle as a whole. Within the area of technologies, new processes are emerging (including high-solids and domestic wastewater treatment). Challenges relating to these new processes, as well as the need to intensify and better operate existing processes have increased the need to consider spatial variance, and improve characterisation of inputs. Emerging microbial processes are challenging our understanding of the role of the central carbon catabolic metabolism in anaerobic digestion, with an increased importance of phosphorous, sulfur, and metals as electron source and sink, and consideration of hydrogen and methane as potential electron sources. The paradigm of anaerobic digestion is challenged by anoxygenic phototrophism, where energy is relatively cheap, but electron transfer is expensive. These new processes are commonly not compatible with the existing structure of anaerobic digestion models. These core issues extend to application of anaerobic digestion in domestic plant-wide modelling, with the need for improved characterisation, new technologies having an increased impact, and a key role for the linked phosphorous–sulfur–iron processes across the cycle. The review overall finds that anaerobic modelling is increasing in complexity and demands on the modeller, but the core principles of biochemical and physicochemical processes, metabolic conservation, and mechanistic understanding will serve well to address the new challenges.

Mathematical modelling of anaerobic digestion processes: applications and future needs

https://www.ipgp.jussieu.fr/~busigny/Page-Publications/Publications&abstracts/2014-Busigny,Planavsky-GCA.pdf

Iron isotopes in an Archean ocean analogue

Biomineralization of iron-phosphates in the water column of Lake Pavin (Massif Central, France)

https://opus.lib.uts.edu.au/bitstream/10453/114061/1/Accepted%20Manuscript%20Is%20denitrifying%20anaerobic%20methane%20oxidation-centered%20technologies%20a%20solution%20%28BITE%2017631%29.pdf

Is denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation-centered technologies a solution for the sustainable operation of wastewater treatment Plants?

As for lineages of known methanogens, several lineages of uncultured archaea were recurrently retrieved in freshwater sediments. However, knowledge is missing about how these lineages might be affected and structured according to depth. In the present study, the vertical changes of archaeal communities were characterized in the deep sediment of the freshwater meromictic Lake Pavin. For that purpose, an integrated molecular approach was performed to gain information on the structure, composition, abundance and vertical stratification of archaeal communities thriving in anoxic freshwater sediments along a gradient of sediments encompassing 130 years of sedimentation. Huge changes occurred in the structure and composition of archaeal assemblages along the sediment core. Methanogenic taxa (i.e. Methanosaeta and Methanomicrobiales) were progressively replaced by uncultured archaeal lineages (i.e. Marine Benthic Group-D (MBG-D) and Miscellaneous Crenarchaeal Group (MCG)) which are suspected to be involved in the methane cycle.

/pdf/stratification-of-archaea-in-the-deep-sediments-of-a-1v6jo20ej8.pdf

Stratification of Archaea in the deep sediments of a freshwater meromictic lake: vertical shift from methanogenic to uncultured archaeal lineages.

https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00651276/document

A. Thiam

Papers

Biogeochemical modelling of anaerobic vs. aerobic methane oxidation in a meromictic crater lake (Lake Pavin, France)