Owing to the development of electronic information technology, the pollution of electromagnetic wave (EMW) radiation is getting worse. Thus, it is urgent to investigate shielding materials with excellent electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding properties. Recently, electrospinning has been developed in various fields, and one-dimensional nanofibers prepared by electrospinning can realize the shielding of EMW, due to their outstanding advantages. In this review, at the beginning, the basic mechanism of electrospinning technology and related EMI shielding are introduced. Then, different fibrous materials directly from electrospinning for the EMI shielding are summarized. Next, electrospun EMI shielding composites by different post treatments are discussed. Finally, various influencing factors on the EMI shielding properties are summarized. At the end, conclusions and future perspectives are provided. Hopefully, this review would provide basic understanding on the development of electrospun fibrous materials for EMI shielding, and give the future roadmap for the high performance electrospun fiber-based EMI shields.

Electrospun fibrous materials and their applications for electromagnetic interference shielding: A review

A high-performance electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding material based on carbon nanofiber (CNF) and cellulose filter (CF) paper has been fabricated by a cost-efficient and convenient dip-coating method. The EMI shielding performance of the CF papers with micron level thickness tolerance (2.5–12.7 µm) have been explored by considering the microstructure, serviceability, electrical conductivity, and number of dip-coating cycles. Field emission scanning electron microscopy of the surface and edge of the composites support the good electrical conductivity, which showed distinct increment in electrical conductivity from 6.6 × 10−7 to 0.85 S/cm. The number of dip-coating cycles have a significant impact on electrical conductivity, and this has also been studied and inferred after alteration of dipping cycles. The electromagnetic shielding efficiency of CNF-coated CF paper exhibits 24.6 dB with only 25 dip coating cycles. Moreover, from commercially viable points of view, extensive study has been executed to investigate CNF-coated CF papers in the simulated ageing environments viz. water, thermal ageing, and thermo-degradability over a wide range of temperature (ambient to 600 °C). All the environmental factors have been simulated on a laboratory scale. The CNF-coated CF papers possess significantly higher mechanical properties than pure CF paper. This type of conductive CNF-coated CF paper is a promising candidate to be used as highly flexible, lightweight, and cost-efficient EMI shielding material in advanced multifunctional application areas.

High-performance carbon nanofiber coated cellulose filter paper for electromagnetic interference shielding

Recent progress of electrospun nanofibrous materials for electromagnetic interference shielding

Polymeric nanocomposites (PNC) have an outstanding potential for various applications as the integrated structure of the PNCs exhibits properties that none of its component materials individually possess. Moreover, it is possible to fabricate PNCs into desired shapes and sizes, which would enable controlling their properties, such as their surface area, magnetic behavior, optical properties, and catalytic activity. The low cost and light weight of PNCs have further contributed to their potential in various environmental and industrial applications. Stimuli-responsive nanocomposites are a subgroup of PNCs having a minimum of one promising chemical and physical property that may be controlled by or follow a stimulus response. Such outstanding properties and behaviors have extended the scope of application of these nanocomposites. The present review discusses the various methods of preparation available for PNCs, including in situ synthesis, solution mixing, melt blending, and electrospinning. In addition, various environmental and industrial applications of PNCs, including those in the fields of water treatment, electromagnetic shielding in aerospace applications, sensor devices, and food packaging, are outlined.

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Polymeric Nanocomposites for Environmental and Industrial Applications

The widespread growth of electronic systems and telecommunications has led to an adverse effect in electromagnetic radiation pollution. Eco-friendly materials are highly desired for the protection of the environment from electromagnetic radiation. The design of electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials with ecofriendly resources has become a growing interest in the present scenario. Because of certain advantages such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and outstanding mechanical and thermal properties, cellulose has engrossed substantial attention for the development of EMI shielding materials. In this chapter, latest development in cellulose-based EMI shielding materials is highlighted, in particular modified cellulosic composites for shielding purposes. The conductivity and EMI shielding efficiency of cellulosic materials can be enhanced by the metallic coating, compounding with conductive fillers, and by the modification with intrinsically conductive fillers. In contrast to conducting polymer and conducting fiber–modified cellulose composite, high EMI shielding performance was observed for cellulose/metal hybrid materials.

Nanocellulose-based composites for EMI shielding applications

A radically new innovation was established for development of electromagnetic interference shielding. The innovation emphasis synthesis of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), carboxymethyl cellulose composite containing different metal nanoparticles (CMC-MNPs), and carboxymethyl cellulose nanofiber mat (CMC-NF) and carboxymethyl cellulose containing metal nanofiber mat (CMC-MNPs nanofiber mat) by electrospinning technique. Metal nanoparticles used include copper nanoparticles, iron nanoparticles, zinc nanoparticles, cadmium nanoparticles, and cobalt nanoparticles. Synthesized CMC–MNPs were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy coupled with high-energy dispersive X-ray and UV–visible spectroscopy that was used for confirmation of nanoparticles formation. The scanning electron microscopy images clearly showed regular flat shape with semiporous surface. All metal nanoparticles were well distributed inside the backbone of the cellulose without aggregation. The average particle diameter was 29–39 nm f...

AA Hebeish

Papers

New route for development of electromagnetic shielding based on cellulosic nanofibers