Probability Distributions.- Linear Models for Regression.- Linear Models for Classification.- Neural Networks.- Kernel Methods.- Sparse Kernel Machines.- Graphical Models.- Mixture Models and EM.- Approximate Inference.- Sampling Methods.- Continuous Latent Variables.- Sequential Data.- Combining Models.

Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning

An overview of the self-organizing map algorithm, on which the papers in this issue are based, is presented in this article.

The Self-Organizing Map

Interpretation theory in applied geophysics: Grant, F S ... Interpretation theory in applied geophysics Unknown Binding – January 1, 1965 5.0 out of 5 stars 1 rating. See all formats and editions Hide other formats and editions. The Amazon Book Review Book recommendations, author interviews, editors' picks, and more. Read it now. Enter your mobile number or email address below and we'll send you a ...

Interpretation Theory in Applied Geophysics Grant (McGraw-Hill, 140s.)

This paper presents a synthetic view of the geodynamic evolution of the Zagros orogen within the frame of the Arabia-Eurasia collision. The Zagros orogen and the Iranian plateau preserve a record of the long-standing convergence history between Eurasia and Arabia across the Neo-Tethys, from subduction/obduction processes to present-day collision (from ~ 150 to 0 Ma). We herein combine the results obtained on several geodynamic issues, namely the location of the oceanic suture zone, the age of oceanic closure and collision, the magmatic and geochemical evolution of the Eurasian upper plate during convergence (as testified by the successive Sanandaj-Sirjan, Kermanshah and Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic arcs), the P-T-t history of the few Zagros blueschists, the convergence characteristics across the Neo-Tethys (kinematic velocities, tomographic constraints, subduction zones and obduction processes), together with a survey of recent results gathered by others. We provide lithospheric-scale reconstructions of the Zagros orogen from ~ 150 to 0 Ma across two SW-NE transects. The evolution of the Zagros orogen is also compared to those of the nearby Turkish and Himalayan orogens. In our geotectonic scenario for the Zagros convergence, we outline three main periods/regimes: (1) the Mid to Late Cretaceous (115-85 Ma) corresponds to a distinctive period of perturbation of subduction processes and interplate mechanical coupling marked by blueschist exhumation and upper-plate fragmentation, (2) the Paleocene-Eocene (60-40 Ma) witnesses slab break-off, major shifts in arc magmatism and distributed extension within the upper plate, and (3) from the Oligocene onwards (~ 30-0 Ma), collision develops with a progressive SW migration of deformation and topographic build-up (Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone: 20-15 Ma, High Zagros: ~12-8 Ma; Simply Folded Belt: 5-0 Ma) and with partial slab tear at depths (~10 Ma to present). Our reconstructions underline the key role played by subduction throughout the whole convergence history. We finally stress that such a long-lasting subduction system with changing boundary conditions also makes the Zagros orogen an ideal natural laboratory for subduction processes.

https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/66E4243B7AFD642333291037F213B38E/S001675681100046Xa.pdf/div-class-title-zagros-orogeny-a-subduction-dominated-process-div.pdf

Zagros orogeny: a subduction-dominated process

Machine learning predictive models for mineral prospectivity: an evaluation of neural networks, random forest, regression trees and support vector machines

Scaled analogue models of thin-skinned simultaneous shortening above adjacent viscous and frictional decollements simulate the effect of Hormuz salt on the shortening in the Zagros fold and thrust belt. The models consisted of sand layers that partly overlay a viscous layer of silicone and were shortened from one end. Spatial distribution of the viscous decollement varied along strike and dip, as occurs in part of the Zagros fold and thrust belt. In this belt, Phanerozoic sedimentary cover was shortened partly above the Hormuz salt lying on the Precambrian crystalline basement, behaving as a basal viscous decollement. Model results display how the nature of the decollement affects the evolution of an orogenic belt. Using model results, we explain the development of deflection zones, and discuss strain partitioning, formation of different topographic wedges and differential sedimentation along the Zagros fold and thrust belt. Model results suggest the formation of a gentle taper, consisting of both foreward and backward thrusts above a viscous decollement and a relatively steeper taper consisting only of forward-vergent imbricates above a frictional decollement. However, in our models, the steepest wedge with the highest topography formed where the viscous substrate had a limited extent with a transitional boundary (pinch-out) perpendicular to the shortening direction. Shortening of this boundary led to development of frontal ramps associated with significant uplift of the area behind the deformation front.

Effect of spatial distribution of Hormuz salt on deformation style in the Zagros fold and thrust belt: an analogue modelling approach

Support vector machine for multi-classification of mineral prospectivity areas

It has long been recognised that the deposition and deformation of the Phanerozoic cover in the Zagros Basin (mountains plus foreland) was strongly influenced by the reactivation of old tectonic fabrics in its basement. Facies boundaries and structures trending north-south and NW-SE can be attributed to the reactivation of Pan-African sutures and Najd faults which are exposed in the Nubian-Arabian Shield. However, to the east of a projection of the Oman line SWwards into the Rhub Al Khali Basin, cover structures have a NE-SW trend which is not seen in Arabia. This boundary may overlie a Pan-African suture between Arabia and India (Somalia or Pakistan). Data including magnetic intensities, geothermal gradients and isopach maps are used here to distinguish old faults which were reactivated in the basement from more recent faults formed in the cover by Zagros shortening. Old faults trending NW-SE are interpreted as having reactivated episodically since the Permo-Triassic opening of Neo-Tethys; perhaps more significantly, the basement faults that reactivated in the East Arabian Block since then trend north-south. The basement configuration is clarified by extending a modified East Arabian Block across the Zagros to an “East Arabian-Zagros block” in which the NW trend of the Zagros lies between two syntaxes. This suggests a new tectonic framework for the region. The repeated reactivation of basement faults throughout the East Arabian-Zagros Block controlled source rocks, traps and seals for the supergiant and giant oil and gas reserves which are present at various stratigraphic levels in different areas.

Abbas Bahroudi

Papers

Effect of spatial distribution of Hormuz salt on deformation style in the Zagros fold and thrust belt: an analogue modelling approach

Support vector machine for multi-classification of mineral prospectivity areas

The configuration of the basement beneath the zagros basin

Tectono-Sedimentary framework of the Gachsaran Formation in the Zagros foreland basin

Early Neogene foreland of the Zagros, implications for the initial closure of the Neo-Tethys and kinematics of crustal shortening