On the performance of optical wireless communication links impaired by time jitter, M-turbulence and pointing errors

Serially DF relayed hybrid FSO/MMW links with Weibull fading, M-turbulence and pointing errors

Atmospheric turbulence and pointing errors are major hindrances behind the proliferation of free-space-optics (FSO) technology in next-generation fronthaul networks. This paper investigates the effect of a decode-and-forward relay in overcoming these impairments and how an additional source-to-relay millimeter-wave (mmWave) radio-frequency (RF) backup link improves the performance of the relay-aided FSO system further; i.e., we study the performance of a hybrid FSO/(FSO-FSO)/(RF-FSO) system. Generalized Malaga distribution is adopted to model atmospheric turbulence in FSO links, whereas the fading statistics of the mmWave RF link is modeled by Nakagami-$m$m distribution. The performance of the hybrid system is studied on the basis of analytical expressions derived for metrics such as outage probability, bit error rate, and ergodic capacity, and the results show the supremacy of the proposed hybrid FSO system. The improvement is, however, dependent on factors such as turbulence location and signal-to-noise ratio per bit, and not all performance metrics exhibit equal improvement.

Improving the performance of a DF relay-aided FSO system with an additional source–relay mmWave RF backup

The research area of optical wireless communication links has attracted significant interest over the last years due to the significant advantages offered by this kind of technology. However, the p...

Time jitter influence on the performance of gamma–gamma turbulence FSO links with various modulation schemes

Increased capacity, higher data rate, decreased latency, and better service quality are examples of the primary objectives or needs that must be catered to in the near future, i.e., fifth-generation (5G) and beyond. To fulfil these needs, cellular network design must be drastically improved. The 5G cellular network design, huge multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology, and device-to-device communication are all highlighted in this comprehensive study. Hence, free-space optics (FSO) is a promising solution to address this field. However, FSO standalone is insufficient during turbulent weather conditions. FSO systems possess some limitations, such as being able to be disturbed by any interference between sender and receiver such as a flying bird and a tree, as it requires line-of-sight (LOS) connectivity. Moreover, it is sensitive to weather conditions; the FSO performance significantly decreases in bad weather conditions such as fog and snow; those factors deteriorate the performance of FSO. This paper conducts a systematic survey on the existing projects in the same area of research such as the hybrid FSO/Radio frequency (RF) communication system by listing each technique used for each model to achieve optimum performance in terms of data rate and Bit Error Rate (BER) to be implemented in 5G networks.

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Abolfazl Chaman-Motlagh

Papers

Two novel hybrid architectures for improving the system performance in long length FSO links

A new relay based architecture in hybrid RF/FSO system