Recent trends and advances in composting and vermicomposting technologies: A review.

Crop residue crucially contributes in running the essential agro-environment services. The modernization in crop production with high yielding varieties substantially increased the crop residue and its management challenges. The critical window period between two crops like in wheat sowing after rice and sugarcane harvest and poor suitability of some crop residues for animal feed pushed the malpractice of crop residue burning especially in developing countries like India. In long-term, the practice of residue burning along with climate change phenomenon puts the serious challenges in maintaining the quality of natural resources and sustainable crop production system. The precious elements retained in the crop residue are lost upon burning and converted to harmful air pollutants which otherwise can run the essential services in soil-plant system and find industrial applications as feedstock if managed in a sustainable way. The present review article provides critical insights on the current status of residue production and in-situ management of crop residue via different routes using suitable machinery package along with relative advantages and challenges. The prospective of crop residue to derive the soil ameliorants through composting and thermal decomposition approaches are critically discussed in the present review study. Moreover, a brief account is presented on residue derived energy generation (liquid and gaseous fuels) through thermo-chemical and thermal decomposition processes, which can ease the burden of fossil fuels on environment as well as economy of the country. The review article also explores cutting-edge industrial application of crop residue, present challenges and future thrust areas to overcome such issues in the sustainable crop residue management. 

Crop residue management challenges, opportunities and way forward for sustainable food-energy security in India: A review

In this study, the effects of multifunctional microbial inoculation on food waste composting based on the synergistic property between organic matter degradation and nitrogen fixation were investigated. The results showed that inoculation simultaneously strengthened organic matter degradation by 9.9% and improved the nitrogen content by 20.6% compared with that of the control group. Additionally, spectral analysis demonstrated that inoculation was conducive to the enhanced humification, which was supported by the improvement in polyphenol oxidase activity. Microbial analysis showed that most of the introduced microorganisms (Bacillus, Streptomyces, Saccharomonospora) successfully colonized, and stimulated the growth of other indigenous microorganisms (Enterobacter, Paenibacillus). Meanwhile, the change in microbial community structure was accompanied by the enhanced tricarboxylic acid cycle and amino acid metabolism. Furthermore, network analysis and structural equation model revealed that the enhanced cooperation of microorganisms, in which more carbon sources could be provided by cellulose decomposition for nitrogen fixation.

Deciphering the internal driving mechanism of microbial community for carbon conversion and nitrogen fixation during food waste composting with multifunctional microbial inoculation.

Deciphering the internal driving mechanism of microbial community for carbon conversion and nitrogen fixation during food waste composting with multifunctional microbial inoculation

Ágnes Nagy

Papers

Influence of microbial inoculants on co-composting of lignocellulosic crop residues with farm animal manure: A review.

Review on the occurrence of the mcr-1 gene causing colistin resistance in cow's milk and dairy products