Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction

Evidence ispresented thatligandin, an intracellular protein involved inthebinding ofsuchanions asbilirubin, indocyanine green, andpenicillin, isidentical toglutathione S-transferase B (EC2.5.1.18), an enzyme catalyzing theconjugation ofglutathione withsuchelec- trophiles as1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, 1,2-dichloro-4- nitrobenzene, iodomethane, ethacrynic acid,andbromo- sulfophthalein. Theproteins, isolated bydistinct methods, havethesamespecificity forsubstrates andforligands, reactinidentical fashion toantibody pioducedagainst ligandin, bearentirely sinlilar physical characteristics and aminoacidcomposition, andarebothinduced inresponse tophenobarbital. Indocyanine green, oneoftheligands thatisnoteffective asasubstrate, wasshowhtocompeti- tively inhibit theconjugation reaction. Itissuggested that specificity isdirected towardcompoundswithelectrophilic sites. ligandin isacytoplasmic protein found inabundance inthe liver ofrat, man,andother species. Thisprotein iscapable ofbinding noncovalently alarge number ofcompounds, which includes bilirubin, heme,benzyl penicillin, certain steroids, andsuchdyesasbromosulfophthalein

TheIdentity ofGlutathione S-Transferase B withLigandin, aMajorBinding Protein ofLiver

Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) is an important plant naturally found as a weed in field crops and lawns. Purslane is widely distributed around the globe and is popular as a potherb in many areas of Europe, Asia, and the Mediterranean region. This plant possesses mucilaginous substances which are of medicinal importance. It is a rich source of potassium (494 mg/100 g) followed by magnesium (68 mg/100 g) and calcium (65 mg/100 g) and possesses the potential to be used as vegetable source of omega-3 fatty acid. It is very good source of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and gamma-linolenic acid (LNA, 18 : 3 w3) (4 mg/g fresh weight) of any green leafy vegetable. It contained the highest amount (22.2 mg and 130 mg per 100 g of fresh and dry weight, resp.) of alpha-tocopherol and ascorbic acid (26.6 mg and 506 mg per 100 g of fresh and dry weight, resp.). The oxalate content of purslane leaves was reported as 671–869 mg/100 g fresh weight. The antioxidant content and nutritional value of purslane are important for human consumption. It revealed tremendous nutritional potential and has indicated the potential use of this herb for the future.

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Purslane Weed (Portulaca oleracea): A Prospective Plant Source of Nutrition, Omega-3 Fatty Acid, and Antioxidant Attributes

Protective role of quercetin against lead-induced inflammatory response in rat kidney through the ROS-mediated MAPKs and NF-κB pathway

Puerarin protects rat kidney from lead-induced apoptosis by modulating the PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathway

Lead is a persistent environmental pollutant, and its toxicity continues to be a major health problem due to its interference with natural environment. In the present study, we have evaluated the effect of flaxseed oil on lead acetate-mediated hepatic oxidative stress and toxicity in rats. Lead acetate enhanced lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide production in both serum and liver with concomitant reduction in glutathione, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferase, and glutathione peroxidase activities, these findings were associated with DNA fragmentation. In addition, lead acetate caused liver injury as indicated by histopathological changed of the liver with an elevation in total bilirubin, serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, and alkaline phosphatase. Treatment of rats with flaxseed oil resulted in marked improvement in most of the studied parameters as well as histopathological features. On the basis of the above results it can hypothesized that flaxseed oil is a natural product can be protect against lead acetate-mediated hepatic cytotoxicity.

The redox status in rats treated with flaxseed oil and lead-induced hepatotoxicity.

+2 caused injury, as revealed by some improvement in the histological structure of kidney as well as the restoration of the body weights loss of Pb +2 treated animals. At the same time, flaxseed oil decreased the levels of serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, uric acid, lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide production with concomitant elevation in glutathione, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase activities. Thus, this study suggests the possibility of flaxseed oil usefulness in limiting toxicant induced by environmental heavy metals.

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The potential role of flaxseed oil on lead acetate- induced kidney injure in adult male albino rats

Hepatic oxidative stress in Mongolian gerbils experimentally infected with Babesia divergens

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common type of acute leukemia in adults, it represents nearly 32% of all new cases of leukemia. This study aimed to evaluate the SNAI1 and ZEB1 genes expression in AML patients and determine their diagnostic and prognostic significance. We determined the expression of SNAI1 and ZEB1 genes and serum E-cadherin levels in early diagnosed patients with AML. Sixty early diagnosed AML patients and 20 healthy subjects were enrolled in this study, SNAI1 and ZEB1 genes expression was determined by Real-time PCR while E-Cadherin serum levels were determined by ELISA. The results of this study demonstrated that, all AML patients positively expressed the SNAI1 gene with fold change 2.6. While, the ZEB1 expression was positive in 56.7% of the patients with fold change 1.8. SNAI1 and ZEB1 genes were highly expressed in M5 subtype (FC = 13.8 and 9.3, respectively). On the other hand, serum E-cadherin concentrations of the AML patients showed decrease when compared with those of the control but the decrease was not reach to the significance level. The findings of this study suggest inclusion of SNAI1 and ZEB1 genes expression in the cluster of potential genetic biomarkers to be studied in AML cases as diagnostic and prognostic markers.

Ahmed E. Abdel-Moneim

Papers

The redox status in rats treated with flaxseed oil and lead-induced hepatotoxicity.

The potential role of flaxseed oil on lead acetate- induced kidney injure in adult male albino rats

Hepatic oxidative stress in Mongolian gerbils experimentally infected with Babesia divergens

Expression and clinical significance of SNAI1 and ZEB1 genes in acute myeloid leukemia patients.