Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) are self-organizing wireless communication networks that allow vehicles to exchange traffic-related messages automatically with neigh-boring vehicles. The goals of VANETs are to aid road users and make traffic management more efficient. However, the open nature of the communication network medium that is used by VANETs exposes the messages in transit to security attacks and the information within to privacy breaches. Researchers proposed many security schemes in their attempt to solve the security and privacy issues in VANETs. However, most existing schemes suffer from high computation and communication overheads. We studied and analyzed the effect of one of the most common security attacks in VANETs, the replay attack. This paper presents the result of the study and analysis, as well as the survey of existing replay attack prevention schemes in VANETs.

Review of Prevention schemes for Replay Attack in Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs)

The distribution strategy of a botnet mainly directs its configuration, installing a support of bots for coming exploitation. In this article, we utilize the sources of pandemic modeling to IoT networks consisting of WSNs. We build a proposed framework to detect and abnormal defense activities. According to the impact of IoT-specific features like insufficient processing power, power limitations, and node density on the formation of a botnet, there are significant challenges. We use standard datasets for active two famous attacks, such as Mirai. We also used many machine learning and data mining algorithms such as LSVM, Neural Network, and Decision tree to detect abnormal activities such as DDOS features. In the experimental results, we found that the merge between random forest and decision tree achieved high accuracy to detect attacks.

IoT Ddos Attack Detection Using Machine Learning

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Techniques of Early Incident Detection and Traffic Monitoring Centre in VANETs: A Review

VANET is a branch of MANETS, where each vehicle is a node, and a wireless router will run. The vehicles are similar to each other will interact with a wide range of nodes or vehicles and establish a network. VANETs provide us with the infrastructure to build new solutions for improving safety and comfort for drivers and passengers. There are several routing protocols proposed and evaluated for improving VANET's performance. The simulator is preferred over external experience because it is easy, simple, and inexpensive. In this paper, we choose AODV protocol, DSDV protocol, and DSR protocol with five different nodes density. For each protocol, as regards specific parameters like (throughput, packet delivery ratio, and end- to- end delay). On simulators that allow users to build real-time navigation models of simulations using VANET. Tools (SUMO, MOVE, and NS-2) were used for this paper, then graphs were plotted for evaluation using Trace-graph. The results showed the DSR is much higher than AODV and DSDV, In terms of throughput. While DSDV is the best choice because of the low average end to end delay. From the above, we conclude that each strategy has its own negative and positive aspects that make it ideally suited to a particular scenario than other scenarios.

https://www.beei.org/index.php/EEI/article/download/2943/2148

Performance evaluation for vehicular ad-hoc networks based routing protocols

The Ad-hoc vehicle networks (VANETs) recently stressed communications and networking technologies. VANETs vary from MANETs in tasks, obstacles, system architecture and operation. Smart vehicles and RSUs communicate through unsafe wireless media. By nature, they are vulnerable to threats that can lead to life-threatening circumstances. Due to potentially bad impacts, security measures are needed to recognize these VANET assaults. In this review paper of VANET security, the new VANET approaches are summarized by addressing security complexities. Second, we’re reviewing these possible threats and literature recognition mechanisms. Finally, the attacks and their effects are identified and clarified and the responses addressed together.

VANET: Towards Security Issues Review

Mobile ad-hoc wireless networks give us the high probability and high properties to create networks, without any central management or infrastructure, independent and temporary network, that is means wide ubiquitous networks. The intermediate nodes should be able to communicate between them to send and receive the data with ability using at any time and anywhere, the mobility of the intermediate node between the source and destination gives us unstable topology maybe the connection between the nodes will be break often. Therefore, the strategies to design any wireless depend on path routing and protocol selection. In this paper we study and evaluate the effect of mobility on the routing protocols DSDV, AODV and DSR in two different scenarios, the density of nodes and different area in NS2.35 simulation by using three performance metrics in the evaluating the routing protocols are Average Throughput, Packet Delivery Ratio and Average End-to-End Delay.

Performance Evaluation of Three Mobile Ad-hoc Network Routing Protocols in Different Environments

Fluffy Logic empowers creators to control complex frameworks more adequately than customary methodologies. As it gives a basic method to come to positive end result upon questionable, uncertain or uproarious data. Right now have proposed the structure of fluffy rationale controller having three contributions to give right wash time of clothes washer. The goal is to spare parcel of time, power and water for washing the material. The paper portrays the methodology that can be utilized to get a reasonable washing time for various fabrics. The procedure depends completely on the standard of taking non-exact contributions from the sensors exposing them to fluffy number juggling and acquiring a fresh benefit of washing time.

An Optimum Design of Square Microstrip Patch Antenna Based on Fuzzy Logic Rules

Versatile correspondence framework. Reflection happens when an electromagnetic wave faces an article a lot bigger than the recurrence of an electromagnetic wave. The quality picked up (or its extra catastrophe) is commonly the most significant parameter anticipated from enormous scope engendering models that rely upon the material study of reflection. In this article, we draw an end that isn't equivalent to topical posts. Trigonometric vectors from the vector E_TOT (d), the got vitality can be yield.

The Probe into Reflection Mobile Radio Propagation

The Mobile Ad-hoc network (MANET) means an independently operating self-configured wireless network without existing infrastructure and centralized control. MANET may be found in wireless systems in different fields of daily uses, for example of automotive, military, and other specific field networks. Many networks need a fixed or wired data transmission and computer connectivity system relative to MANET. WiFi, satellite networking and the smartphone network are examples of fixed infrastructure wireless technology. This paper analyzes the effect of MANET on network size routing protocols. Ad hoc on-demand remote vector routing (AODV) and Greedy Stateless routing perimeter (GPSR) was measured on a efficiency basis in terms of network capacity. The result is a gradual decrease in GPSR output from 17.68 kbps to 12.61 kbps, with an average of 43.96 kbps. The packet transmission fraction for AODV and GPSR protocols is being developed for increasing network capacity. GPSR averages E2E delay less than AODV because the GPSR moves each node closer to the destination with a packet of local knowledge. As a matter of fact, the superiority of the GPSR protocol in all document tested on a network scale in simulation.

Performance Analyzing the Effect of Network Size on Routing Protocols in MANETs

The area of interest in intelligent transport is vehicle communication for researchers and the automotive industry. In this article, the performance of various routing protocols in a vehicle scenario has been observed using the NS3 network simulator. Performance measurement metrics include Average Good put and the BSM PDR. AODV appears to be a good routing protocol for low-density vehicles but OLSR beats other protocols in the high-density scenario

Ahmed Muhi Shantaf

Papers

Performance Evaluation of Three Mobile Ad-hoc Network Routing Protocols in Different Environments

An Optimum Design of Square Microstrip Patch Antenna Based on Fuzzy Logic Rules

The Probe into Reflection Mobile Radio Propagation

Performance Analyzing the Effect of Network Size on Routing Protocols in MANETs

Evaluation DSDV, AODV and OLSR routing protocols in real live by using SUMO with NS3 simulation in VANET