Aim To investigate the correlation between dietary score and depression in patients with cancer. Methods In this cross-sectional study, data were collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005–2018, a cross-sectional and nationally representative database, to compare 322 patients with depression to 2,868 with no depression. Mediterranean (MEDS) diet, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, and the Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015) score were calculated. Depression was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Weighted logistic regression models were used to explore the relationship between dietary scores and depression in patients with cancer. Subgroup analysis was performed by sleep disorders, sex, cancer type, number of tumors, and pain relief prescription treatment. Results The final study sample included 3,190 adults, with 56.94% of them being women, representing 2,177 (86.51%) non-Hispanic white adults. After multivariable adjustment, the MEDS score was correlated with a reduced risk of depression in patients with cancer [odds ratio (OR): 0.90, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.82–0.97, p = 0.010]. Moreover, the MEDS score was correlated with depression in cancer patients with sleep disorders (OR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.76–0.93, p = 0.001), in female patients with cancer (OR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.74–0.92, p < 0.001), particularly in female cancer reproductive system patients (OR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.57–0.82, p < 0.001). MEDS score also showed a decreased risk of depression in patients with 1 cancer (OR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.82–0.98, p = 0.019). MEDS score (OR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.86–0.98, p = 0.024) and DASH (OR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.84–0.98, p = 0.015) score were related to a decreased risk of depression in patients with cancer using pain relief prescription. Conclusion Good diet quality is significantly correlated with decreased risk of depression in patients with cancer. Aligning with the Dietary Guidelines, such as the MEDS diet, may be beneficial to the reduced risk of depression in patients with cancer.

Correlation between dietary score and depression in cancer patients: Data from the 2005–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys

OBJECTIVES
Albuminuria is a significant biomarker of various kidney diseases and is associated with renal outcome. Recently, caffeine intake has shown potential renoprotective effects. However, the relationship between caffeine intake and albuminuria remains profoundly elusive.


METHODS
We conducted a cross-sectional study aimed to explore the association between caffeine intake and albuminuria in the American adult population using the data acquired from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2016. Caffeine intake was assessed by 24-h dietary recalls, and albuminuria was assessed by albumin-to-creatinine ratio. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to explore the independent association between caffeine intake and albuminuria. Subgroup analysis and interaction tests were also conducted.


RESULTS
Among 23,060 participants, 11.8% of the individuals exhibited albuminuria, and the prevalence of albuminuria decreased with higher caffeine intake tertiles (Tertile 1: 13%; Tertile 2: 11.9%; Tertile 3: 10.5%; P < 0.001). After adjusted potential confounders, the results of logistic regression indicated that a higher caffeine intake was associated with a decreased risk of albuminuria (OR = 0.903; 95% CI: 0.84, 0.97; P = 0.007), especially in females and the participants aged <60 years and chronic kidney disease stage II.


CONCLUSION
The present study first indicated an inverse correlation between caffeine intake and albuminuria, which further confirmed the potentially protective effects of caffeine on the kidney.

Inverse association between caffeine intake and albuminuria in US adults: an analysis of NHANES 2005-2016.

This article gives a brief account of the origins and evolution of coffee and its important
role in human society for the last 1200 years. Fast forward to today, and 66% of Americans
consume coffee daily. In the last few decades, a multitude of studies has researched the
claims that coffee drinking offers cardiovascular, neurologic, metabolic, carcinogenic, and
reproductive protections. This review evaluates and summarizes these findings, including the latest discoveries on the impact of caffeine on human health and the protection of human body systems.

The Coffee Revolution: From Politics to Optimized Health

ABSTRACT Glyphosate is one of the most commonly used herbicide globally. It is considered an endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) that can affect the production and function of various hormones including testosterone. Testosterone is an important sex hormone in men that governs sexual development, function, metabolism, and reproduction. Glyphosate has been associated with testosterone impairment in a number of experimental studies; however, the association between glyphosate exposure and testosterone among U.S. adult men in the general population is currently unknown. Data was leveraged from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), which is an annually conducted, population-based cross-sectional study. Urinary levels of glyphosate were quantified as measures of exposure. Total testosterone was quantified from the serum of adult men ages 18+, and a serum value of <300 ng/dL was used to define low testosterone. Chi-square, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and multivariable, weighted linear and logistic regression analyses were used to compare sociodemographic and biological characteristics between quartiles of glyphosate exposure, identify risk factors for glyphosate exposure and low testosterone, and to analyze the relationship between glyphosate and testosterone. A total of 441 adults were included in final analyses, representing 18,345,154 individuals after survey weighting. The geometric mean of glyphosate was 0.58 ng/mL (IQR: 0.26–0.66). Race/ethnicity was significantly associated with glyphosate exposure, where white men had higher mean glyphosate exposure compared to black men (β = 0.11, p = .04). Analysis of total glyphosate modeled as a continuous variable was not significantly associated with testosterone (β = 10.93, p = .75). Similarly, no significant associations were observed when categorizing urinary glyphosate into quartiles when evaluating continuous testosterone (β = 3.46 p = .85, β = −6.74 p = .78, β = 10.22 p = .75 for quartiles 2–4, respectively), and categorical testosterone (i.e. normal/low) (OR = 2.29 95% CI [0.61,8.58], OR = 0.88 95% CI [0.18,4.08], OR = 1.14 95% CI [0.39,3.30]) for quartiles 2–4, respectively. We present the first evaluation of population-based urinary glyphosate levels on testosterone among U.S. adult men. We observed no significant associations between glyphosate and testosterone levels. Future studies are warranted to corroborate these findings, and to test these associations in prospective studies and within populations exposed to high levels of glyphosate.

Evaluation of glyphosate exposure on testosterone among U.S. adult men

Abstract Background Caffeine is one of the most commonly used psychoactive drugs in the world, and provides many health benefits including alertness, improved memory, and reducing inflammation. Despite these benefits, caffeine has been implicated in a number of adverse health outcomes possibly due to effects within the endocrine system, effects that may contribute to impaired reproductive function and low testosterone in men. Previous studies have investigated associations between caffeine consumption and testosterone levels in men, although the quantity and generalizability of these studies is lacking, and the results between studies are conflicting and inconclusive. Methods Using data from a cross-sectional study of 372 adult men in the 2013–2014 NHANES survey cycle, the researchers set out to characterize the association between serum testosterone levels, caffeine, and 14 caffeine metabolites. Results Multivariable, weighted linear regression revealed a significant inverse association between caffeine and testosterone. Multivariable, linear regression revealed significant, inverse associations between 6 xanthine metabolic products of caffeine and testosterone. Inverse associations were observed between 5-methyluric acid products and testosterone, as well as between 5-acetlyamino-6-amino-3-methyluracil and testosterone. A significant, positive association was observed for 7-methyl xanthine, 3,7-dimethyluric acid, and 7-methyluric acid. Logistic regression models to characterize the association between 2 biologically active metabolites of caffeine (theobromine and theophylline) and odds of low testosterone (&lt; 300 ng/dL) were non-significant. Conclusions These findings suggest a potential role for caffeine’s contribution to the etiology of low testosterone and biochemical androgen deficiency. Future studies are warranted to corroborate these findings and elucidate biological mechanisms underlying this association. 

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Alan Williams

Papers

The association between caffeine intake and testosterone: NHANES 2013–2014