The essence of both reading and reading instruction is change. Reading a book changes us forever as we return from the worlds we inhabit during our reading journeys with new insights about our surroundings and ourselves. Teaching a student to read is also a transforming experience. It opens new windows to the world and creates a lifetime of opportunities. Change defines our work as both literacy educators and researchers — by teaching a student to read, we change the world.

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Toward a Theory of New Literacies Emerging From the Internet and Other Information and Communication Technologies

In this critique of current reading research and practice, the author contends that the extreme ambiguity of English spelling-sound correspondence has confined reading science to an insular, Anglocentric research agenda addressing theoretical and applied issues with limited relevance for a universal science of reading. The unique problems posed by this "outlier" orthography, the author argues, have focused disproportionate attention on oral reading accuracy at the expense of silent reading, meaning access, and fluency, and have significantly distorted theorizing with regard to many issues-including phonological awareness, early reading instruction, the architecture of stage models of reading development, the definition and remediation of reading disability, and the role of lexical-semantic and supralexical information in word recognition. The dominant theoretical paradigm in contemporary (word) reading research--the Coltheart/Baron dual-route model (see, e.g., J. Baron, 1977; M. Coltheart, 1978) and, in large measure, its connectionist rivals--arose largely in response to English spelling-sound obtuseness. The model accounts for a range of English-language findings, but it is ill-equipped to serve the interests of a universal science of reading chiefly because it overlooks a fundamental unfamiliar-to-familiar/novice-to-expert dualism applicable to all words and readers in all orthographies.

On the Anglocentricities of current reading research and practice: the perils of overreliance on an "outlier" orthography.

Purpose – This study attempts to investigate reading behavior in the digital environment by analyzing how people's reading behavior has changed over the past ten years.Design/methodology/approach – Survey and analysis methods are employed.Findings – With an increasing amount of time spent reading electronic documents, a screen‐based reading behavior is emerging. The screen‐based reading behavior is characterized by more time spent on browsing and scanning, keyword spotting, one‐time reading, non‐linear reading, and reading more selectively, while less time is spent on in‐depth reading, and concentrated reading. Decreasing sustained attention is also noted. Annotating and highlighting while reading is a common activity in the printed environment. However, this “traditional” pattern has not yet migrated to the digital environment when people read electronic documents.Originality/value – Implications for the changes in reading behavior are discussed, and directions for future research are suggested.

Reading behavior in the digital environment: Changes in reading behavior over the past ten years

Introduction - Leah A Lievrouw and Sonia Livingstone The Social Shaping and Consequences of ICTs PART ONE: THE CHANGING SOCIAL LANDSCAPE Introduction - Sonia Livingstone The Information Society Revisited - Frank Webster Creating Community with Media - Nicholas W Jankowski History, Theories and Scientific Investigations Politics and New Media - Sara Bentivegna Interpersonal Life Online - Nancy K Baym The Electronic Generation? - David Buckingham Children and New Media New Media and New Literacies - Douglas Kellner Reconstructing Education for the New Millennium Primary Issues in Internet Use - Ronald E Rice Access, Civic and Community Involvement, and Social Interaction and Expression PART TWO: TECHNOLOGY DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT Introduction - Leah A Lievrouw New Media History - Patrice Flichy How to Infrastructure - Susan Leigh Star and Geoffrey C Bowker Exploring Models of Interactivity from Multiple Research Traditions - Sally J McMillan Users, Documents and Systems Determination and Contingency in New Media Development - Leah A Lievrouw Diffusion of Innovations and Social Shaping of Technology Perspectives PART THREE: NEW MEDIA AND ORGANIZING Introduction - Noshir S Contractor Smart Agents and Organizations of the Future - Kathleen M Carley New Media and Organizing at the Group Level - Andrea B Hollingshead and Noshir S Contractor The Social Construction of Technology in Studies of the Workplace - Mich[gr]ele H Jackson, Marshall Scott Poole and Tim Kuhn New Media Implementation and Industrial Organization - Fran[ce]cois Bar with Caroline Simard PART FOUR: SYSTEMS, INDUSTRIES AND MARKETS Introduction - John Ure The Development and Use of Online Newspapers - Pablo J Boczkowski What Research Tells Us and What We Might Want to Know New Media and New Economy Cluster Dynamics - Philip Cooke Globalization and the Structure of New Media Industries - Terry Flew and Stephen McElhinney Information Society, Trade and Industry Policy - Anders Henten and Knud Erik Skouby The Economics of Information and Industrial Change - Don Lamberton The New Economy - Peter Lovelock and John Ure Internet, Telecommunications and Electronic Commerce? Universal Access to the New Information Infrastructure - Heather E Hudson PART FIVE: POLICY AND REGULATION Introduction - Bella Mody, Harry M Trebing and Laura Stein The Governance of Media Markets Wired Cities and Transnational Communications - Dwayne Winseck New Forms of Governance for Telecommunications and the New Media New Global Media and Communication Policy - Laura Stein and Nikhil Sinha The Role of the State in the Twenty-First Century About Scarcities and Intermediaries - Stefaan G Verhulst The Regulatory Paradigm Shift of Digital Content Reviewed The Real Digital Divide - Oscar H Gandy Jr Citizens versus Consumers Labour and New Media - Gwen Urey PART SIX: CULTURE AND NEW MEDIA Introduction - Mark Poster Cultural Studies and Technology - Jennifer Daryl Slack and J Macgregor Wise Discursive Displacement and the Seminal Ambiguity of Space and Place - Michael R Curry Power and Political Culture - Timothy W Luke Social Relationships and Identity Online and Offline - Don Slater

Handbook of new media : social shaping and consequences of ICTs

Readers annotate paper books as a routine part of their engagement with the materials; it is a useful practice, manifested through a wide variety of markings made in service of very different purposes. This paper examines the practice of annotation in a particular situation: the markings students make in university-level textbooks. The study focuses on the form and function of these annotations, and their status within a community of fellow textbook readers. Using this study as a basis, I discuss issues and implications for the design of annotation tools for a digital library setting.

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Annotation: from paper books to the digital library

This study of the history of reading goes from the earliest examples of the clay tablets and cuneiform of ancient Mesopotamia and Egypt via the invention of printing in the 15th century to the birth of a mass reading public and today's digital revolution. It argues that it is the demands and expectations of the reader, acting alongside the creative will of the writer, that is the evolutionary motor of literary forms and genres. From man's first use of the written word simply as a form of reference, to the emergence of the first holy or devotional texts, and onto the development of fictions, both poetic and novelistic, this work aims to both challenge and enlighten.

A history of reading

Uma história da leitura

Inspired by the process of creating a library for his fifteenth-century home near the Loire in France, Alberto Manguel, the acclaimed writer on books and reading, has taken up the subject of libraries 'Libraries', he says, 'have always seemed to me pleasantly mad places, and for as long as I can remember I've been seduced by their labyrinthine logic' In this personal, deliberately unsystematic, and wide-ranging book, he offers a captivating meditation on the meaning of librariesManguel, a guide of irrepressible enthusiasm, conducts a unique library tour that extends from his childhood bookshelves to the 'complete' libraries of the Internet, from Ancient Egypt and Greece to the Arab world, from China and Rome to Google He ponders the doomed library of Alexandria as well as the personal libraries of Charles Dickens, Jorge Luis Borges, and others He recounts stories of people who have struggled against tyranny to preserve freedom of thought - the Polish librarian who smuggled books to safety as the Nazis began their destruction of Jewish libraries; the Afghani bookseller who kept his store open through decades of unrest Oral 'memory libraries' kept alive by prisoners, libraries of banned books, the imaginary library of Count Dracula, the library of books never written - Manguel illuminates the mysteries of libraries as no other writer couldWith scores of wonderful images throughout, "The Library at Night" is a fascinating voyage through Manguel's mind, memory, and vast knowledge of books and civilizations

The Library at Night

Una historia de la lectura

Throughout the ages, writers have created an astonishing diversity of imaginary places, worlds of enchantment, horror and delight. This guidebook takes the reader on a tour of more than 1200 imaginary cities, islands, countries, and contintents, from Homer to the late 1990s. Places visited include Atlantis, Dracula's Castle, Middle Earth, Baskerville Hall, Utopia, and Earthsea. The inspiration comes from writers as diverse as Lewis Carroll, Edgar Rice Burroughs, Sir Arthur Conan doyle, L. Frank Baum, C.S. Lewis, John Lennon, Gilbert & Sullivan, and Graham Greene.

Alberto Manguel

Papers

A history of reading

Uma história da leitura

The Library at Night

Una historia de la lectura

The Dictionary of Imaginary Places