Equity, social determinants and public health programmes

Treatment of periodontitis aims at preventing further disease progression with the intentions to reduce the risk of tooth loss, minimize symptoms and perception of the disease, possibly restore lost periodontal tissue and provide information on maintaining a healthy periodontium. Therapeutic intervention includes introduction of techniques to change behavior, such as: individually tailored oral-hygiene instructions; a smoking-cessation program; dietary adjustment; subgingival instrumentation to remove plaque and calculus; local and systemic pharmacotherapy; and various types of surgery. No single treatment option has shown superiority, and virtually all types of mechanical periodontal treatment benefit from adjunctive antimicrobial chemotherapy. Periodontal treatment, because of the chronic nature of periodontitis, is a lifelong commitment to intricate oral-hygiene techniques, which, when properly implemented, will minimize the risk of disease initiation and progression.

Nonsurgical and surgical treatment of periodontitis: how many options for one disease?

Background: The combination of Amoxicillin and metronidazole (AMX/MET) as an adjunctive treatment to scaling root planing (SRP) has been proposed for the treatment of chronic periodontitis; however, its effectiveness and clinical safety remain to be defined The purpose of the present meta-analysis is to assess the effectiveness of SRP + AMX/MET compared to SRP aloneMethods: An electronic search of eight databases from their earliest records through October 8, 2011 and a hand search of international dental journals for the last 15 years were conducted Gain in clinical attachment level (CAL), reduction in probing depth (PD), secondary outcomes, and adverse events were analyzed A random-effect model was used to pool the extracted data The weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated for continuous outcomes; heterogeneity was assessed with the Cochrane χ2 and I2 tests The level of significance was set at P <005Results: After the selection process, four randomized cli

Effectiveness of Systemic Amoxicillin/Metronidazole as Adjunctive Therapy to Scaling and Root Planing in the Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The past decade has seen an unprecedented increase in our understanding of the biology and etiology of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). Genome-wide sequencing projects have identified a number of recurrently mutated genes, including unexpected alterations in the NOTCH pathway and chromatin related genes. Gene-expression profiling has identified 4 distinct genetic subtypes which show some parallels to lung squamous cell carcinoma biology. The identification of the human papilloma virus as one causative agent in a subset of oropharyngeal cancers and their association with a favorable prognosis has opened up avenues for new therapeutic strategies. The expanding knowledge of the underlying molecular abnormalities in this once very poorly understood cancer should allow for increasingly rational clinical trial design and improved patient outcomes.

Unraveling the molecular genetics of head and neck cancer through genome-wide approaches.

Periodontal Debridement: Still the Treatment of Choice

Risk genes in head and neck cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of last 5 years

UNLABELLED The aim of the present study was to evaluate the treatment with amoxicillin or metronidazole in comparison to scaling and root planing in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. Randomised clinical trials were searched in the databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, SciELO, Cochrane and Scopus from 1989 to 2010. The search started with 2895 articles. From this initial number of articles, 10 publications were selected and included in the study according to fixed criteria. Studies included adult patients of both sexes aged between 21 and 80, diagnosed with chronic periodontitis and treated with amoxicillin and/or metronidazole or scaling and root planning. From each article, details were abstracted relating to sample size, design, sex, age, oral hygiene habits, the exposure to drug (doses, schedule), and results such as clinical effect, analysis methods, stratification variables. CONCLUSION this meta-analysis showed absence of statistically significant difference between the effects studied.

Amoxicillin/metronidazole or scaling and root planing in the treatment of chronic periodontitis.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.identj.2022.06.022

Nonrestorative Caries Treatment: A Systematic Review Update

The aim of this work is to compare oral hygiene habits among university students from Argentina, Italy and Spain. A random sample was selected of students (n = 150) of both sexes aged 18-29 years studying dentistry, architecture, economics, engineering and philosophy. A transversal study was performed with a structured multiple choice survey. Odontograms were recorded as well as plaque and gingivitis indices. These indices were found to be highest in Argentina and Spain. Active caries prevalence was highest in Argentina and Spain, while obturations were observed in a larger number of Italian students. Correlation analysis showed that decayed teeth and obturations were more common among economic science students from Spain, and cavities were correlated with Italian dental and architectural students. Choice of university degree was not associated with general preventive oral health habits, or with plaque and gingival indices. Keywords: Hygiene practices; dental care; oral preventive practices

Comparison of oral hygiene habits among university students from Argentina, Spain and Italy

Chronic periodontitis is the most frequent type of periodontitis in the population. For its treatment, traditional mechanical methods are applied, such as scraping and root smoothing. Currently, the newest methods that apply antimicrobials, bactericides or lasers are used in combination with traditional methods. The results of clinical trial publications are contradictory about the best therapy to treat chronic periodontitis, so it is necessary to determine the evidence on this subject. The objective of this study was, therefore, to evaluate different treatments for chronic and severe periodontitis in adults through a meta-analysis of clinical trials. This study followed PRISMA guidelines to carry out the meta-analysis of randomized clinical trial studies and MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scielo Cochrane and Scopus databases, between July 30, 2016 and July 30, 2017. The meta-analysis was performed using the standardized mean difference (DME). Heterogeneity was tested using the Q test and the I2 statistic, using the meta-package - R 3.4.3 (2017). Measurements of insertion loss, depth of probing, bleeding rate and plaque index showed high heterogeneity, therefore the studies were grouped according to the type of treatment patients received (physical or bactericidal methods) for each variable, by what the heterogeneity of some variables decreased

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Alejandra Bono

Papers

Risk genes in head and neck cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of last 5 years

Amoxicillin/metronidazole or scaling and root planing in the treatment of chronic periodontitis.

Nonrestorative Caries Treatment: A Systematic Review Update

Comparison of oral hygiene habits among university students from Argentina, Spain and Italy

Evaluation of different treatments of chronic and severe periodontitis in adult patients: meta-analysis of clinical trials