During the recent years, car makers intensively develop and implement systems of active, passive, post-accident, environmental and fire safety of road vehicles. These devices and systems improve the safety but complicate the design and increase the cost of maintaining the vehicle in the operative condition. That is why there is necessity to evaluate the road vehicle as to the efficiency of operation regarding a number of complex safety characteristics. Solution to this task should be based on evaluating the (relative) importance of particular values for every characteristic considered to be a separate criterion of safety. In order to do that, we need to formulate a system of values for safety characteristics of the road vehicle and develop a formalized mechanism to assess the relative importance of every criterion in the form of a method for multi-criteria evaluation of the complex characteristic of road vehicle safety.

A method for multi-criteria evaluation of the complex safety characteristic of a road vehicle

Traffic safety is a characteristic feature of road transport systems. It is regarded as a difficult challenge which requires a system approach to the management of the country’s road traffic system. Variability of the street and road network structure and its technical condition over time requires considering such functional features as complexity of the hierarchical structure of road transport systems and technologies exploited in them. The research identifies the factors which affect the functioning of automated traffic enforcement facilities and reviews issues of assessing their parameters affecting traffic safety in the Russian Federation. Therefore, groups of factors which affect the functioning of automated traffic enforcement facilities are identified and research stages are developed. Based on the data obtained, a mechanism for quantitative assessment of the functional efficiency of automated traffic enforcement systems is suggested to ensure traffic safety and management decision-making regarding reduction of the number of accidents in the street and road network. The obtained results related to the influence of automated traffic enforcement system parameters on traffic safety allowed revealing the relationship between those indicators and suggesting measures to improve traffic safety using automated traffic enforcement systems.

A method for assessing the influence of automated traffic enforcement system parameters on traffic safety

The authors develop a unified approach to the substantiation of requirements for the automated traffic control system as a “measurement equipment – identification – vehicle traffic control” system. Studies show that to establish requirements for vehicle identification systems, it is reasonable to use a method for the substantiation of technical requirements and the evaluation of the performance of measurement equipment in automated vehicle traffic control systems based on multi-criterion optimization consisting in the selection of an optimal solution from a defined area of search. The developed method of the automatic vehicle identification system shows high performance for a detection system in real-time. Most previous papers were based on one method: method of template matching or neural network method, which is ideal for the detection of some types but not suited for the detection of others.

Method to evaluate performance of measurement equipment in automated vehicle traffic control systems

The digital technology implementation in the transport infrastructure safety practice promotes reducing accident rates on Russian roads, however, the nationwide tasks of achieving "vision zero" have not been achieved yet. One of the tasks of improving the transport infrastructure safety is the implementation of systems for automatic traffic offence recording as the basis for a digital model in the field of transport infrastructure. For many years, Russia has been improving the state and business interaction mechanisms, developing the conditions for investments attraction in socially significant and large-scale projects, and as a result, the transport infrastructure development relates to the spread of the practice of applying the public private partnership mechanism. The paper covers the issues regarding the traffic safety using a digital model based on systems for automatic traffic offence recording and the public private partnership based mechanism is proposed as an economic tool for transport infrastructure digitization to provide for interaction between the entities of automatic traffic offence recording systems implementation and operation. In our opinion, the interaction of entities involved in the traffic safety process using the automatic traffic offence recording systems based on the public private partnership mechanism opens the potential for development of digital technologies in this subject domain and promotes the innovative development of transport infrastructure under conditions of the digital economy

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Transport infrastructure safety improvement based on digital technology implementation

The paper reviews current issues related to introduction of automated traffic enforcement systems into the road infrastructure to perform impartial monitoring of vehicle operation. Mathematical formalizations of street and road network equipment with automated traffic enforcement systems (ATES) upon implementation of administrative procedures for traffic control are proposed. Quantitative indicators related to provision of Russian regions with traffic enforcement facilities are justified. A probability measure of the influence of automated traffic enforcement system availability on traffic with account for their operating features and a developed model for interaction of smart on-board transportation management systems (SOBTMS) with automated traffic enforcement facilities is determined. It will allow ensuring the efficiency of land transport and improving traffic safety due to extension of ATES functional capabilities. A hypothesis for the influence of the number of orders on traffic violations on the accident rate is indicative of a relation between the number of road accidents and ATES parameters. Therefore, an estimate of prospects for development of a system improving traffic safety to the maximum extent can be based on an estimate of changes in the number of vehicles in a region and corresponding calculations of the required number of ATES including stationary and temporary facilities. Using a certain ATES quantity, we could achieve reduction of the accident rate to a certain level. However, extensive measures affecting all life spheres are needed. Conceptual approaches to justification of the number of automated traffic enforcement systems in the street and road network are formulated. Criteria determining efficient functioning of ATES in the street and road network are identified. Implementation of the proposed solutions will allow improving traffic safety in regions of the Russian Federation due to efficient use of automated traffic enforcement systems for detection of administrative offenses in automobile transport.

A model for justification of the number of traffic enforcement facilities in the region

Traffic safety is a characteristic feature of road transport systems. Road traffic safety is regarded as a difficult challenge which requires a system approach to the management of the road traffic system and its functional features like variability of the structure of the street and road network and its technical condition, complexity of the hierarchical structure of road transport systems and technologies exploited in them. The research resulted in a model of functioning of automated traffic enforcement facilities and identified the factors which affect the effective functioning of automated traffic enforcement facilities which were used to develop the dependencies regarding the number of accidents to evaluate the effectiveness of traffic enforcement cameras.

Evaluation of Functional Efficiency of Automated Traffic Enforcement Systems

The article is devoted to the study of aspects of information interaction of the driver subsystem while driving a vehicle. The purpose of writing the paper is to publish the unified information model of interaction of the "Driver" subsystem with other subsystems of the classical "Driver-Vehicle-Road-Environment" system proposed by the author. In the article the author analyzes the information signals coming to the driver from the controlled vehicle, the road, the environment, including other participants of the road. The author builds channels of information interaction between individual subsystems "Driver - Vehicle - Road - Environment". The proposed changes the author presents in the form of a unified holistic information system "Road user -Vehicle-Road-External Environment". The scientific novelty lies in the possibility to carry out the analysis and modeling of the information exchange between the driver and other subsystems "road user - vehicle - road - environment" in order to prevent and predict road accidents.

Systematic Approach in Information Support of the «Road User-Vehicle-Road-External Environment» System

In a market economy, one of the important socioeconomic problems is the search for effective ways to overcome the crisis in the field of public passenger transport. The increasing mobility of the population and the annual growth of the passenger transportation market require appropriate development in the provision of logistics services. An increase in the economic indicators of transportation while reducing costs is possible with the use of unmanned vehicles.

Implementation of Unmanned Vehicles to Improve the Quality of Passenger Transposration

The paper proposes a four-dimensional architecture for a new generation of cooperative intelligent transport systems, describes the direction of development of each dimension of the system, and analyzes the characteristics of key modules and technologies needed to build the system. The results of the research into the formation of the software-adaptive automated system of operative control of transport vehicles movement, which enables to minimize the cost of adverse effects of vehicles on the roads by creating an information management center for the transportation of heavy goods, enables to identify the main factors at all stages of the transportation process, to search for the optimal solution for each stage, and automates the process of planning the transportation are given.

Alexander Vyacheslavovich Marusin

Papers

Evaluation of Functional Efficiency of Automated Traffic Enforcement Systems

Systematic Approach in Information Support of the «Road User-Vehicle-Road-External Environment» System

Implementation of Unmanned Vehicles to Improve the Quality of Passenger Transposration

Adaptive controlled approach to formation and evaluation of automated systems for operational traffic control of vehicles