Alice Lam

TL;DR: The importance of tacit knowledge in organizational learning and innovation has become the focus of considerable attention in the recent literature as discussed by the authors, and the extent to which tacit knowledge constitutes the knowledge base of the firm, and how it is formed and used are powerfully shaped by the broader institutional context.

TL;DR: In this paper, an empirical analysis of a close collaboration in the knowledge-intensive area between a Japanese and a British high-technology firm illustrates how the socially embedded nature of knowledge can impede cross-border collaborative work and knowledge transfer and highlights the importance of knowledge structures and work systems in influencing the success of collaborative ventures.

TL;DR: For example, this paper found that those with traditional beliefs about the separation of science from commerce are more likely to be extrinsically motivated, using commercialization as a means to obtain resources to support their quest for the ''ribbon'' while those identify closely with entrepreneurial norms are intrinsically motivated by the autonomy and ''puzzle-solving'' involved in applied commercial research while also motivated by ''gold''.

TL;DR: Within a professional bureaucracy, the social dilemma of knowledge sharing may be overcome through normative motivation, with provision of hedonic motivation through extrinsic incentives such as training and career progression.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine how scientists seek to protect and negotiate their positions, and also make sense of their professional role identities, identifying four different orientations: the "traditional" and "entrepreneurial", with two hybrid types in between.