지속적 발전을 위한 한국형 Infrastructure Report Card 개발

Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Bridge Configuration Effect on Hydraulic Regime

This paper, from the Fourth US-Taiwan Bridge Engineering Workshop, describes the objectives and process of developing a database of bridge failures due to various multiple hazards. The development of a database is one of the subtasks of a current research project at University at Buffalo (UB) sponsored by Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) on multiple hazard design of highway bridges. Bridge failure is defined as loss of a structural component, loss of a bridge's basic functionality, a catastrophic bridge collapse, or any damage condition in between. A bridge can fail due to a variety of single or combination of reasons including material imperfection or aging, overload, insufficient capacity, construction error or improper maintenance. In order to carry out useful post event studies and to have useful information for future bridge engineering practice, adequate documentation of the damage or failure condition is needed. This requires a database primarily consisting of two types of information: the original design and construction information (e.g. the NBI) and the failure information (i.e. the NYDOT bridge failure database). The authors conclude that, for a short term objective, a bridge failure database can conveniently provide information to facilitate forensic studies of failure of the highway bridges, and for the calibration of the analytical model for development of extreme hazard load effect in LRFD. For a long term objective, a comprehensive bridge damage/collapse database (a National Repository) may be gradually established over time to benefit future bridge engineering practice.

Development for a Bridge Failure Database

The occurrence of disasters such as earthquakes, cyclones, tsunamis, and floods affect the resilience of bridges. In the last four decades, about 2,130 bridges were collapsed due to various disasters in India, and out of these, almost 1,105 bridges were ruined due to floods. However, in the existing practice of measuring the resilience of bridges, resilience matrices overlook the dynamism of bridge resilience and fail to address the uncertainty of variables influencing the resilience of bridges due to floods. Therefore, this study aims to develop the fuzzy system dynamics (FSD) model to simulate and forecast bridge resilience considering complex interconnections among different infrastructures and government systems. For this, the study first shortlists 14 variables related to bridge resilience using the Delphi method. Then, the cause-and-effect feedback loop and stock-and-flow diagram are formulated to explore the interdependency among these system dynamics variables of bridge resilience. Fuzzy measures and integral are used to establish the soft relationships and the existing mathematical formulas to explain the hard relationships in the FSD model. The proposed FSD model is used to simulate and forecast scenarios of the resilience of 12 bridges against floods. The structure and behavior of the FSD model are validated by conducting the dimension consistency test, structure verification test, and sensitivity analysis. The proposed model can be helpful to bridge owners to manage bridge assets, prioritize the repair and rehabilitation of bridges, propose the new bridges, devise the new policy, coordinate with other utilities and governance agencies, and thus enhance the bridge’s resilience against floods. 

Development of Fuzzy System Dynamics Model to Forecast Bridge Resilience

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strusafe.2022.102229

Systematic derivation of safety factors for the fatigue design of steel bridges

The data related to the failure of bridges that occurred during the period 1977–2017 in India have been collected from various sources, including print and electronic media. The data have been clas...

Aman Kumar

Papers

Analysis of bridge failures in India from 1977 to 2017