Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 (vol 380, pg 2197, 2012)

https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140-6736(12)61689-4.pdf

Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most important epidemic diseases in the world this century, and accounts for 90% of cases of diabetes globally. Brazil is one of the most important examples of the alarming picture of T2DM in emergent societies, being the country with the fourth largest number of people with diabetes. The aim of this paper is to review the literature on diabetes in Brazil, specifically looking at the epidemiology and management of T2DM. A literature search was conducted using PubMed and LILACS to identify articles containing information on diabetes in Brazil. Official documents from the Brazilian government, World Health Organization, and International Diabetes Federation were also reviewed.

/pdf/type-2-diabetes-in-brazil-epidemiology-and-management-kehhtfun7d.pdf

Type 2 diabetes in Brazil: epidemiology and management.

OBJETIVO: Analisar a tendencia temporal da mortalidade por câncer do colo do utero segundo dados de obito corrigidos ou nao e verificar a associacao entre essas informacoes e indicadores socioeconomicos selecionados em mulheres com 20 anos ou mais residentes no Nordeste do Brasil (capital e interior) no periodo de 1996 a 2005. METODOS: Foram incluidos no estudo os obitos por câncer do colo do utero captados do Sistema de Informacoes sobre Mortalidade (SIM) e aqueles identificados como sendo decorrentes dessa neoplasia apos processo de correcao. Atraves de regressao linear simples, foram analisadas as tendencias temporais da mortalidade e as correlacoes com os indicadores socioeconomicos selecionados atraves de correlacao de Pearson (r). RESULTADOS: As maiores taxas de mortalidade por câncer do colo do utero sem correcao corresponderam as capitais e as menores foram observados no interior dos estados. Por outro lado, os maiores coeficientes de mortalidade corrigidos foram observados para o interior dos estados e os menores para as capitais, invertendo o quadro. Da mesma forma, as menores taxas de mortalidade sem correcao foram observadas nos estados com maior pobreza, analfabetismo, fecundidade e mortalidade infantil, enquanto as maiores taxas de mortalidade sem correcao foram observadas nas regioes com melhores indicadores sociais. As taxas corrigidas mostraram associacao negativa com os indicadores que assinalam melhores condicoes de vida, e positiva com os indicadores que descrevem piores condicoes de vida. CONCLUSOES: A utilizacao de dados nao corrigidos de mortalidade pode levar a subestimacao do câncer do colo de utero e comprometer as interpretacoes de analises comparativas sobre a magnitude, distribuicao e fatores associados a essa doenca. A magnitude desse câncer merece ser reavaliada, pelo menos no Nordeste do Brasil. Contudo, os resultados demonstram que ja ha resultados positivos da deteccao precoce na regiao.

/pdf/magnitude-of-mortality-from-cervical-cancer-in-the-brazilian-3n3l4775gb.pdf

Magnitude of mortality from cervical cancer in the Brazilian Northeast and socioeconomic factors

Recent studies in Brazil have demonstrated that suicide rates have been rising over the last years. The objective of this study was to investigate trends in suicide from 1979 to 1998 in Rio de Janeiro State, with emphasis on age, period, and cohort effects. Age-specific suicide rates from 1979 to 1998 were estimated for males and females based on mortality data obtained from the Brazilian Mortality Information System, and population counts from the 1980, 1991 and 2000 censuses. Poisson regression and graphical methods were used to evaluate age, period and cohort effects. Suicide rates increased steadily with age, particularly among males. In both males and females, age-adjusted suicide rates decreased until 1992. In 1993, rates started to rise. Cohort effects showed that younger generations had significantly lower rates of suicide than older ones. The recent rise in suicide rates might be a result of the increasing levels of firearm availability, drug use, and unemployment. Follow-up over longer periods and powerful epidemiological studies are needed to sustain the implication of socio-economic changes in the observed features.

Amj Gadelha

Papers

Relatório Final do Projeto Estimativa da Carga de Doença do Brasil: 1998