The article discusses the possibility of using converter steam to improve energy efficiency. The development of the authors will improve the performance of technological equipment in mechanical engineering. The problem of inefficient use of heat and loss of energy exists at mechanical engineering enterprises. In addition, environmental safety must be ensured at a high technological level. The above scientific problems are solved in this article by the authors. To solve the set tasks, scientific methods are used related to the generalization of data sets, their processing and the construction of an optimization model. In addition, variants of technical solutions at the enterprises of the energy industry are shown. To determine the long-term direction of increasing the energy efficiency of the facility, it is necessary to conduct a comparative analysis of the options. We have analyzed the use of converter steam for heating process equipment. It can be concluded that the method has mainly strengths, but since steam production has an almost constant cycle, the use of this method will not have a positive effect on eliminating problems. Prospects for using the technological solutions developed by the authors are associated with their practical application at metallurgy and mechanical engineering enterprises. It should be noted that the authors were the first to propose such a method for utilizing heat.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/1064/1/012033/pdf

Increasing the energy efficiency of the industrial enterprise technological and mechanical equipment due to the use of converter steam

The authors analyzed the state of the process scheme, which is a structural part of the water supply treatment facilities. The research results can be applied in oil and gas, chemical, metallurgical and energy industries. In particular, the authors for the first time propose an efficient scheme for the reuse of heat to obtain purified water. Currently, a way to reduce energy consumption by introducing a plant based on an organic Rankine cycle has been considered. The metallurgical production has such equipment as converters, coke ovens, scrubbers, gas ducts, cooling boilers, waste heat boilers. The heat recovery schemes developed by the authors increase the efficiency of the process equipment in the metallurgical industry. In the work of enterprises, low-potential heat of soil, water, air is increasingly used. One of the main directions of energy saving to increase the energy efficiency of the boiler house is to increase the heat utilization rate of the fuel at power plants. Boiler houses that run on gas lose at least 13-18% of heat with flue gases. In the article, the authors propose to combine the methods of heat utilization. Namely, a contact heat exchanger and an organic Rankine cycle are used. The water temperature is significantly reduced due to the fact that the collectors are designed to transport water. In this regard, experts consider it expedient to utilize the heat of wastewater not only at treatment plants, but also directly in the building itself. Prospects for the use of the authors’ developments are associated with their further implementation at industrial enterprises of the metallurgical industry.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/1064/1/012032/pdf

Modernization of technological equipment in the waste water purification process behind the coke oven using the organic Rankine cycle

Transportable boiler plants are widespread in the northern regions of the Russian Federation and have a large and stable demand in various spheres of life. The equipment used and the schemes of existing boiler plants are outdated—they require replacement and modernization. Our proposed new installation includes a coil type steam boiler and ancillary equipment designed with the identified deficiencies in mind. The steam boiler coils are coaxial cylinders. The scope of the modernized transportable boiler plant is an oil field in the subarctic continental climate. The work is aimed at completing an experimental and theoretical study of the operation of a coil type steam boilers under real operating conditions. Experimental data on the operation of boiler plants are presented. The dependences of the fuel consumption of boiler plants on the temperature and pressure of the coolant are obtained. Statistical analysis is applied to the collected data. Conclusions are formulated and a promising direction is laid out for further research and improvement of coil type steam boilers. Equations are proposed for calculating the convective component of radiant-convective heat transfer in gas ducts, taking into account the design features of boiler units by introducing new correction factors. Comparison of the calculated and experimental data showed their satisfactory agreement.

https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/4/1004/pdf

Experimental Study of a Coil Type Steam Boiler Operated on an Oil Field in the Subarctic Continental Climate

The necessity of mechanisms for long-term forecasting and regulation of high-tech enterprise development strategies has been determined. This paper discusses how managers and designers can create models and methods for sustainability management mechanisms. The elements of novelty of this study and contribution to the existing theory of managing objects of socio-economic systems are: the development of the principle of a single mechanism of foresight-controlling, which made it possible to increase the efficiency and sustainability of the organizational behavior of objects; the development of theoretical and methodological models for the formation of a foresight-controlling management mechanism; the improvement of the management mechanism based on the combined application of mechanical and organic models of organizational behavior of socio-economic systems; the development of methods for regulating the management mechanism according to stability criteria in accordance with the characteristics of the enterprise’s innovation cycle; finally, the modernization of mathematical models and methods for studying the processes of functioning of the control mechanism. The following results of the implementation of the methods at the enterprise-object of research were obtained: the assessment and adjustment of planned and target indicators of the quality of management were carried out on the basis of an examination of the parameters of the quality of regulation; recommendations were developed for adjusting the planned and target indicators of the quality of the formation of development strategies, taking into account the factors of the knowledge economy. The results’ validations were implemented in projects and plans for the innovative development of the facility based on the transformation factors of the 5–6th modes of the economy.

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Models and Methods of Formation of the Foresight-Controlling Mechanism

Experimental Investigation into the Exergy Loss of a Ground Heat Pump and its Optimization Based on Approximation of Piecewise Linear Functions

Received: 9 October 2019 Accepted: 22 January 2020 The need to increase the accuracy of decisions and the depth of analysis of complex heat power systems determines the relevance of modeling and regulation of heat and mass transfer processes with the development of theoretical models and the development of a new methodology. Uncertainty of the environment increases the significance of the problems of insufficient efficiency of the available numerical approaches to the modeling of dynamic processes and the regulation of heating elements. Therefore, the aim of the article was to develop the applied aspects of the theory of solving nonlinear problems, provisions of the analytical methodology and the methods for regulating stepwise thermodynamic processes based on adapted tools for approximating generalized and step functions. The following tasks were solved: the structure of mechanisms was determined, including regulators of the energy efficiency of the flare device of the boiler unit with an expanded combustion zone; a model of integration-balancing regulation of heat transfer with four types of unsteady processes determined by indicators of changes in the direction and sign of the entropy of the effects of the regulators is proposed. Quantitative meters of energy efficiency of combustion and heat transfer processes in boiler units have been developed. Mathematical adapted and developed technical and organizational methods for solving problems: approximation of the original functions (generalized Dirac and stepwise) by a sequence of recursive periodic functions; simulation of spasmodic heat transfer processes based on step functions; structuring the mechanism for regulating heat transfer, including four types of regulators; empirical modeling of the assessment and regulation of energy efficiency, taking into account the directivity and severity of the effects of regulators displayed by derivatives of higher orders of approximation of energy efficiency functions. The results were obtained: mathematical ones were adapted and new approximation models for generalized functions were built; quantitative measuring instruments of process dynamics for regulating the technical and organizational mechanisms of heat transfer were obtained.

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Approximation Methods for Analysis and Formation of Mechanisms for Regulating Heat and Mass Transfer Processes in Heat Equipment Systems

The purpose of this work is to increase the theoretical and methodological approaches to value and regulate the dynamics of management processes. Application of these dynamics is implemented via methods of improving the quality of management of complex energy technology systems in the organization of recycling processes. As a result of the research, a technological model of a rotary kiln with a division into separate sections corresponding to the combustion zones for the production of cement clinker in recycling technology was developed. Mathematical modeling, analytical calculations of thermodynamic and gas-dynamic processes in the drums of rotating furnaces, and experimental studies were carried out. As a scientific novelty, an approximation of piecewise linear functions is obtained for modeling the processes of improving the quality of control by the criterion of reducing the error of data transmission for monitoring and regulating the thermodynamic parameters of the furnace via analog-to-digital methods. An algorithmic scheme of the method of in-depth analysis of management quality using data science tools in the concept of combining organizational, economic, technical, technological, and mathematical methods and methods of data collection, processing, and storage of big data is developed. This made it possible to apply the models in the formed energy technology complex using learning neural network algorithms. The possibilities of applying the methodology of combining methods for in-depth analysis and modeling of thermodynamic processes in an energy technological complex with any composition of equipment for the production of cement clinker are substantiated.

https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9717/9/2/204/pdf

Combined Approach to Analysis and Regulation of Thermodynamic Processes in the Energy Technology Complex

Approximation of piecewise linear and generalized functions is an important and difficult problem. These functions are widely used in mathematical modeling of various processes and systems, such as: automatic control theory, electrical engineering, radio engineering, information theory and transmission of signals and images, equations of mathematical physics, oscillation theory, differential equations and many others. The widespread use of such functions is explained by their positive properties. For example, piecewise linear functions are characterized by a simple structure over segments. However, these features also have disadvantages. For example, in the case of using piecewise linear functions, solutions have to be built in segments. In this case, the problem of matching the obtained solutions at the boundaries of the segments arises, which leads to the complication of the research results. The use of generic functions has similar disadvantages. To eliminate shortcomings in practice, one resorts to the approximation of these functions. There are a large number of well-known methods for approximating piecewise linear and generalized functions. Recently, new methods for their approximation have been developed. In this study, an attempt was made to generalize and discuss the existing methods for approximating the considered functions. Particular emphasis is placed on the description of new approximation methods and their applications in various fields of science and technology. The publication-based review discusses the strengths and weaknesses of each method, compares them, and considers suitable application examples. The review will undoubtedly be interesting not only for mathematicians, but also for specialists and scientists working in various applied fields of research.

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Review of Methods, Applications and Publications on the Approximation of Piecewise Linear and Generalized Functions

In this paper we investigate some problems dealing with quality control of some economic processes. It is well known, that while we do a quantitative evaluation of the quality control of some economic processes with help of innovation factors, there are three groups of problems: high uncertainty of indicators of the quality management, their considerable ambiguity, and high costs to provide a large-scale research. These problems appear because of usage of contradictory objectives of enhancing of the quality control in accordance with innovation factors and preservation of economic stability of the enterprise. In our opinion, the following two methods are to solve these contradictions most effectively: 1) the use of paradigms and concepts of evolutionary improvement of quality of resource-saving management in the cycle "from the project of an innovative product (technology) - to its commercialization and update parameters of customer value"; 2) the application of the so called integrative-cyclical approach which consistent with complexity and type of the concept, to studies allowing to get quantitative assessment of the stages of achieving of the consistency of these objectives. We have developed some new methods, based on the integrative-cyclical approach, that allow us to get consistent management solutions for reducing the severity of the above mentioned contradictions and increasing the validity of the choice of resource-development strategies in terms of parameters of quality management and sustainability of enterprise. In this paper it is shown that the use of the integrative-cyclical approach to the study and evaluation of the resulting and factor indicators will help raise the level of resource-saving characteristics up to the value existing in the developed economies of post-industrial type. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n4p420

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Anatoliy Alabugin

Papers

Approximation Methods for Analysis and Formation of Mechanisms for Regulating Heat and Mass Transfer Processes in Heat Equipment Systems

Combined Approach to Analysis and Regulation of Thermodynamic Processes in the Energy Technology Complex

Models and Methods of Formation of the Foresight-Controlling Mechanism

Review of Methods, Applications and Publications on the Approximation of Piecewise Linear and Generalized Functions

Integrative-cyclical Approach to the Study of Quality Control of Resource Saving by the Use of Innovation Factors