THE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTS. By Oscar Kempthorne. New York, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1952. 631 pp. $8.50. This book by a teacher of statistics (as well as a consultant for \"experimenters\") is a comprehensive study of the philosophical background for the statistical design of experiment. It is necessary to have some facility with algebraic notation and manipulation to be able to use the volume intelligently. The problems are presented from the theoretical point of view, without such practical examples as would be helpful for those not acquainted with mathematics. The mathematical justification for the techniques is given. As a somewhat advanced treatment of the design and analysis of experiments, this volume will be interesting and helpful for many who approach statistics theoretically as well as practically. With emphasis on the \"why,\" and with description given broadly, the author relates the subject matter to the general theory of statistics and to the general problem of experimental inference. MARGARET J. ROBERTSON

The Design and Analysis of Experiments

According to W. Edwards Deming, American companies require nothing less than a transformation of management style and of governmental relations with industry. In Out of the Crisis, originally published in 1982, Deming offers a theory of management based on his famous 14 Points for Management. Management's failure to plan for the future, he claims, brings about loss of market, which brings about loss of jobs. Management must be judged not only by the quarterly dividend, but by innovative plans to stay in business, protect investment, ensure future dividends, and provide more jobs through improved product and service. In simple, direct language, he explains the principles of management transformation and how to apply them.

Out of the Crisis

Fenton chemistry encompasses reactions of hydrogen peroxide in the presence of iron to generate highly reactive species such as the hydroxyl radical and possibly others. In this review, the complex mechanisms of Fenton and Fenton-like reactions and the important factors influencing these reactions, from both a fundamental and practical perspective, in applications to water and soil treatment, are discussed. The review covers modified versions including the photoassisted Fenton reaction, use of chelated iron, electro-Fenton reactions, and Fenton reactions using heterogeneous catalysts. Sections are devoted to nonclassical pathways, by-products, kinetics and process modeling, experimental design methodology, soil and aquifer treatment, use of Fenton in combination with other advanced oxidation processes or biodegradation, economic comparison with other advanced oxidation processes, and case studies.

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Advanced Oxidation Processes for Organic Contaminant Destruction Based on the Fenton Reaction and Related Chemistry

The use of statistical techniques to build approximations of expensive computer analysis codes pervades much of today’s engineering design. These statistical approximations, or metamodels, are used to replace the actual expensive computer analyses, facilitating multidisciplinary, multiobjective optimization and concept exploration. In this paper, we review several of these techniques, including design of experiments, response surface methodology, Taguchi methods, neural networks, inductive learning and kriging. We survey their existing application in engineering design, and then address the dangers of applying traditional statistical techniques to approximate deterministic computer analysis codes. We conclude with recommendations for the appropriate use of statistical approximation techniques in given situations, and how common pitfalls can be avoided.

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Metamodels for Computer-Based Engineering Design: Survey and Recommendations

Latin hypercube sampling and the propagation of uncertainty in analyses of complex systems

In many experimental situations, a response surface design is divided into several blocks to control an extraneous source of variation The traditional approach in most response surface applications is to treat the block effect as fixed in the assumed model There are, however, situations in which it is more appropriate to consider the block effect as random This article is concerned with inference about a response surface model in the presence of a random block effect Since this model also contains fixed polynomial effects, it is considered to be a mixed-effects model The main emphasis of the proposed analysis is on estimation and testing of the fixed effects A two-stage mixed-model procedure is developed for this purpose The variance components due to the random block effect and the experimental error are first estimated and then used to obtain the generalized least squares estimator of the fixed effects This procedure produces the so-called Yates combined intra- and inter-block estimator By cont

Response surface models with random block effects

In robust parameter design, it is often the case that the quality characteristic is nonnormal. An example in semiconductor manufacturing is resistivity, which typically follows a gamma distribution...

Robust Parameter Design Using Generalized Linear Mixed Models

A sequence is increasing if for all values of n, an < an+1; a sequence is decreasing if for all values of n, an > an+1. A monotonic sequence is either increasing or decreasing. A sequence is bounded above if there exists a number M such that M > an and bounded below if there is a number m such that m < an . A bounded sequence is bounded both above and below. Theorem 5) A bounded monotonic sequence converges.

Infinite Sequences and Series

Quantile plots of the prediction variance for response surface designs

From the historical point of view, the article by Box and Wilson [1] is considered to be the first for having laid the foundations for RSM. Some of the early papers that also contributed to the development of RSM include those by Box and Hunter [2] and Box and Draper [3]. Several review papers on RSM were subsequently published starting with the article by Hill and Hunter [4] that emphasized practical applications of RSM in the chemical and processing fields. This was followed by more recent reviews by Myers et al. [5-7] A review of RSM from a biometric viewpoint was given by [8] who emphasized biological applications rather than applications in the physical and engineering sciences. In addition, several books were written on the subject of RSM by Myers [9], Khuri and Cornell [15], Box and Draper [11] and Myers et al. [12].

André I. Khuri

Papers

Response surface models with random block effects

Robust Parameter Design Using Generalized Linear Mixed Models

Infinite Sequences and Series

Quantile plots of the prediction variance for response surface designs

Response Surface Methodology and Its Applications In Agricultural and Food Sciences