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Principles Of Heat Transfer In Porous Media

Thermal performance improvement of microchannel heat sinks by utilizing variable cross-section microchannels filled with porous media

The textile industries release a substantial amount of effluents into water resources every year. The vast majority of these effluents are composed of heavy metals that bind the textile fibres with dyes. This work proposes to use an adsorption system composed of clay-minerals (kaolinite and montmorillonite) and molecular sieve (zeolite) for separating the Cu2+ and Cr6+ ions, considering the pH changes of aqueous solutions. The adsorbent materials were characterized using the following state of the art techniques such as X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and Cation exchange capacity. During the adsorption tests, the contact time of the adsorbates (Cu2+ and Cr6+ ions in concentrations of 100, 50, 10 and 5 mg/L) with the adsorbents vary from 1 to 4 h in acidic and alkaline conditions (pH 3.5 and 7.5). The results indicate maximum adsorption of Cu2+ (at pH 3.5) and Cr6+ (at pH 7.5) ions on application of the zeolitic material. The clay minerals conclusively proved to be less efficient when compared to zeolite. It can be concluded that the adsorption system has achieved the desired efficiency, with substantial removal of Cu2+ and Cr6+ ions for zeolites in synthetic wastewater solutions of the textile industry.

Copper and chromium removal from synthetic textile wastewater using clay minerals and zeolite through the effect of pH

Correction: Experimental investigation and heat transfer analysis of a natural gas fueled porous burner in domestic application

Synthesis of ZSM-5 Zeolite from Metakaolin and Rice Husk Ash to CO2 Adsorption

Received: 10 December 2019 Accepted: 15 February 2020 Porous media burners have been the focus of many studies due to the advantage in different applications in industry, which exhibit a directional emission of thermal radiation and low emission of pollutants. Indeed, these characteristics yields benefits regarding productivity by an environment friendly process. Thus, this work analyzes the behavior of radiation heat flux emitted by materials of different linear densities and porosities, varying the rate of air/fuel mixture and the flame power. In this way, was constructed an experimental setup that consists in a supply system of air/fuel, data acquisition, burner support for the radiation sensor, and the radiometer. This structure enables the displacement from 0°C to 90°C allowing the analysis of radiation in the area of a semisphere. The results shown that the silicon carbide has higher radiation efficiency than zirconia, due the higher thermal conductivity and emissivity. However, the silicon carbide degraded in one of the measurements. The ZrO2 media has proved challenging to stabilize for equivalence ratios below 0.6. Regarding the porosity, it is concluded that the higher the porosity, the greater the radiation efficiency, the expected result because there is a larger contact area for the reaction to occur within the pores.

Experimental Assessment of Thermal Radiation Behavior Emitted by Solid Porous Material


Interest in biofuels is growing, and ethanol has been the most used biofuel as an additive and as a gasoline substitute and, it is considered a potential alternative to traditional fuels. Ethanol represents 17% of energy consumption in transportation in Brazil, the transport sector's share in the energy matrix is 32.4%, which is the second most energy-consuming sector. The production of first and second-generation ethanol in the same industrial plant presents better financial results compared to the isolated processes. Also, ethanol obtained from the sugarcane has renewability, biodegradability and provides CO2 emissions mitigation. The objective of the work is to perform an analysis of the ethanol with several levels of hydration in terms of energetic, economic, environmental and safety. The results showed that each 10% of water in ethanol dilution the temperature in the flame surround decreases by 4%. Besides, the ethanol with 20% of water dilution emits 20% less radiation compared to 10% of water dilution. Indeed, the energy consumed in the distillation to produce ethanol with 10% of water is double. On the other hand, this energy difference in the production of ethanol diluted with 30% of water is not enough to compensate for the losses in the energy use process. Also, large amounts of water in ethanol dilution might be unfeasible the use due to the total cost of transportation. Therefore, ethanol with 20% of water represents the more efficient, cleaner and safe fuel in free flame applications.


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Andressa Rocha Lhamby

Papers

Experimental Assessment of Thermal Radiation Behavior Emitted by Solid Porous Material

Energetic and economic analysis of use of hydrated ethanol