Chapter 1. Transportation and Geography Concepts: 1. What is Transport Geography? 2. Transportation and Space 3. Transportation and Commercial Geography 4. The Geography of Transportation Networks Case Study: Strategic Maritime Passages Chapter 2. Transportation and the Spatial Structure Concepts: 1. Historical Geography of Transportation 2. Transport and Spatial Organization 3. Transport and Location 4. Future Transportation Case Study: High Speed Rail Systems Chapter 3. Transportation Modes Concepts: 1. A Diversity of Modes 2. Intermodal Transportation 3. Passengers and Freight: Complementarity and Competition Case Study: Information Technologies and Mobility Chapter 4. Transportation Terminals Concepts: 1. The Function of Transport Terminals 2. The Location of Terminals 3. Transport Terminal Governance Case Study: Inland Ports Chapter 5. International Trade and Freight Distribution Concepts: 1. Transportation, Globalization and International Trade 2. Commodity Chains and Freight Transportation 3. Logistics Case Study: Commodity Chain Analysis: The Cold Chain Chapter 6. Urban Transportation Concepts: 1. Transportation and Urban Form 2. Urban Land Use and Transportation 3. Urban Mobility 4. Urban Transport Problems Case Study: City Logistics Chapter 7. Transportation and the Economy Concepts: 1. Transport and Economic Development 2. Transport Costs 3. Transport Supply and Demand Case Study: The Cruise Industry Chapter 8. Transport, Energy and Environment Concepts: 1. Transport and Energy 2. The Environmental Impacts of Transportation 3. Transport and Sustainability Case Study: Green Logistics Chapter 9. Transport Planning and Policy Concepts: 1. The Nature of Transport Policy 2. Transport Planning 3. Transport Safety and Security 4. Transportation and Disasters Case Study: Security, Transport and Health Planning: The Challenge of Pandemics Chapter 10. Methods in Transport Geography 1. Methods in Transport Geography 2. Definition and Properties of Graph Theory 3. Measures and Indices of Graph Theory 4. Geographic Information Systems for Transportation (GIS-T) 5. The Notion of Accessibility 6. Network Data Models 7. Technical and Economic Performance Indicators 8. Gini Coefficient 9. Spatial Interactions and the Gravity Model 10. Market Area Analysis 11. The Policy Process. Conclusion: Issues and Challenges in Transport Geography Glossary

https://geonas.at.ua/_ld/0/34_The_Geography_o.pdf

The Geography of Transport Systems

Extant literature has increased our understanding of specific aspects of digital transformation, however we lack a comprehensive portrait of its nature and implications. Through a review of 282 works, we inductively build a framework of digital transformation articulated across eight building blocks. Our framework foregrounds digital transformation as a process where digital technologies create disruptions triggering strategic responses from organizations that seek to alter their value creation paths while managing the structural changes and organizational barriers that affect the positive and negative outcomes of this process. Building on this framework, we elaborate a research agenda that proposes [1] examining the role of dynamic capabilities, and [2] accounting for ethical issues as important avenues for future strategic IS research on digital transformation.

Understanding digital transformation: A review and a research agenda

An increasingly important fraction of contemporary economic activity is devoted to the production of cultural outputs, i.e. goods and services with high levels of aesthetic or semiotic content. This kind of economic activity is especially, and increasingly, associated with a number of large cities scattered over the globe. A conceptual account of this phenomenon is provided on the basis of an exploration of the character of place-specific forms of culture generation and the agglomerative tendencies of many kinds of cultural products industries. The empirical cases of Los Angeles and Paris are briefly discussed. The dynamics of production, distribution and location of major cultural products industries are also examined. The paper ends with a brief allusion to the modalities of spatial differentiation of culture in contemporary capitalism and to a prospective cultural politics.

The Cultural Economy of Cities

This paper explores how multinationals affect underdeveloped regions through the generation of linkages. It is shown that the linkage effect of multinationals on the host country is more likely to be favorable when the good that multinationals produce uses intermediate goods intensively, when there are large costs of communication between the headquarters and the production plant, and when the home and host countries are not too different in terms of the variety of intermediate goods produced. If these conditions are reversed, then multinationals could even hurt the developing economy, formalizing the idea that multinationals may create enclave economies within developing countries. Copyright 1996 by American Economic Association.

Multinationals, Linkages, and Economic Development

Thirty-three brothels in rural and small-town Nevada, which contain between 225 and 250 prostitutes, are legal or openly tolerated and strictly controlled by state statute, city and county ordinances, and local rules. Twenty-two of the brothels are in places with populations between 500 and 8,000, and the remaining eleven are in rural areas. The legal and quasi-legal restrictions placed on prostitutes severely limit their activities outside brothels. These restrictions in conjunction with historical inertia, perceived benefits of crime and venereal disease control, and the good image of madams contribute to widespread positive local attitudes toward brothel prostitution. Interactions between clients and prostitutes in brothel parlors are also restricted and limited to a few basic types which are largely determined by entrepreneurial philosophy. KEY WORDS : Nevada, Political geography, Prostitution, Restricted activity spaces.

ANNALS of the Association of American Geographers

This book surveys the development of service industries in Britain from a geographical perspective, assessing their contribution to other sectors of the economy. The location of new service industries is described and explained, with an analysis of the effect of locational changes on employment opportunities and patterns. The contributors consider the economic role of private sector producer services and provide a British view of issues to complement parallel work already published on the situation in the USA. A final chapter gives the international perspective with contributions from the USA, Canada, and the European Community. This book is the outcome of the Producer Services Working Party, a limited-life working party established in 1984 by the Institute of British Geographers (IBG) and funded by the IBG and the Economic and Social Research Council.

Services and Uneven Development

The purpose in this paper is to illustrate the ways in which telecommunications—seen within an information economy perspective—is coming to assume a central status both in the process of economic development and in the redefinition of spatial relationships. This increasing centrality poses major challenges for the regulatory environments within which telecommunications-based innovations are being shaped. Further, a number of questions are raised by these developments concerning the changing nature of regional comparative advantage in an increasingly internationalised information economy.

Telecommunications and the Reconstruction of Regional Comparative Advantage

L'article propose une reflexion sur les differents problemes poses par les nouvelles technologiques de communication, problemes de distribution sociale, la repartition des moyens de communication variant en fonction des sites geographiques (ville/campagne, pays pauvres/pays riches, etc.)

Geographical Inequalities: The Spatial Bias of the New Communications Technologies

In this paper we are concerned with the implications of information and communications technologies (ICTs), and the so-called “new economy” with which they are associated, for regional development. As such, we are concerned particularly with examining the ways in which ICTs may “change the balance” between centralising and decentralising dynamics in the space-economy. A number of starkly different spatial expressions of the “new economy” can be postulated, making our task a necessary one to undertake, in that the overall outcomes in terms of spatial organisation and regional development are not self-evident. One spatial expression of the “new economy” emphasises the strong clustering effect that can be witnessed in those regions most associated with the emergence of the “new economy”, such as Silicon Valley in California, or in the concentration of “dot.com” start-ups in major cities such as London. This version concentrates on a valid, albeit rather narrow conception of the “new economy” as a newly created sector based around a particular technology, that of the Internet. A second, very different, spatial expression of the “new economy” emerges if we emphasise rather the ways the technologies are used within the economy as a whole, and in particular if we concentrate on the distance-transcending capabilities of technologies such as the Internet. Here then our focus is not with the “new economy” as a discrete sector, but rather with the more widespread transformation of the economy as a result of the rapid adoption and diffusion of a cluster of radical innovations in ICTs. The possibilities of being able to distribute information goods and services instantaneously and almost without cost over electronic networks has led some commentators to herald the “death of distance” or the “end of geography”. It is, unsurprisingly, this “version” of the “new economy” which seems to hold out the most promise in regional development terms, offering the possibility of peripheral regions and rural areas being able to “break free” of the constraints imposed by the “friction of distance”.

https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/44801/1/330743554.pdf

Regional development and the new economy

https://www.csiss.org/janelle/docs/Janelle-Gillespie-TTRV372.pdf

Andrew Gillespie

Papers

Services and Uneven Development

Telecommunications and the Reconstruction of Regional Comparative Advantage

Geographical Inequalities: The Spatial Bias of the New Communications Technologies

Regional development and the new economy

Space–time constructs for linking information and communication technologies with issues in sustainable transportation