The problem of fast designing of a well-matched symmetrical four-tooth-shaped microstrip antenna at frequency of 2.44 GHz is considered. To solve the problem, we use regression models for wavelength, resistance and bandwidth. The optimization problem for finding the geometrical parameters of the antenna radiator is formulated by using these models. In the first step of approximation, the antenna is obtained as a solution to the optimization problem. In the next step, the geometry of the radiator is refined so as the base frequency of the antenna is closer to 2.44 GHz.

Fast method for designing a well-matched symmetrical four-tooth-shaped microstrip antenna for Wi-Fi applications

The problem of designing a symmetrical eight-tooth-shaped microstrip dual-band Wi-Fi antenna (2.4 GHz and 5 GHz) is considered. At the first stage of antenna design, numerical experiments are performed to determine the dependence of values of the first two resonance frequencies of the antenna and the corresponding bandwidths on the geometric parameters of the radiator. A regression analysis is carried out and regression models for resonance frequencies are obtained. The absolute and relative errors for the models are calculated. A family of Wi-Fi dual-band antennas with a certain ratio of length to depth of rectangular cutouts of the radiator is selected by analyzing the models. Further analysis of the matching and of the bandwidth for the antennas from the obtained family allows determining the best matched Wi-Fi antennas.

Designing the Symmetrical Eight-Tooth-Shaped Microstrip Antenna for Wi-Fi Applications

Printed monopole antennas with a rectangular radiator as well as
with a symmetrical tooth-shaped radiator are considered. The
tooth-shaped radiator is obtained from a rectangular radiator by
adding small symmetrical rectangular cutouts on its two sides. The
antennas with four-, six- and eight-tooth-shaped radiators are
considered. For the antennas, the influence of the radiator
geometry parameters on the two base resonance frequencies is
studied. The common features and characteristics of the
dependences of the resonances on the radiator parameters are
revealed for the considered tooth-shaped antennas. Regression
models are constructed for each type of the antenna. In the
obtained models, the values of the two base resonances are
functions of the length and width of the radiator as well as of
the depth of rectangular cutouts on it. The designing of dual-band
printed monopole tooth-shaped antennas for various numbers of
cutouts on the radiator is proposed. For the design of the shape
of the radiator antennas, regression models are used, which allow
to obtain the parameters of the radiator for given resonance
frequencies. Examples of obtained antennas with various numbers of
teeth are given. Conclusions about the applicability of antennas
of this type for operation on two bands are given.

Designing a Dual-Band Printed Monopole Symmetric Tooth-Shaped Antenna

A symmetrical microstrip six-tooth-shaped antenna is considered. The influence of the main geometric parameters of the antenna on the base frequency is investigated. The main geometric parameters of the antenna include length and width of the radiator, depth of the rectangular cutouts on its radiator, thickness of the substrate, length of the ground and width of the feedline. Regression analysis is carried out and several mathematical models are constructed. The first model describes a relationship of the base frequency with depth of the rectangular cutouts, the radiator length and width. The second model describes a relationship between the wavelength at the base frequency and the geometry of the radiator. The root-mean-square error and the relative error of these models are calculated. For the base frequency and wavelength, graphs of dependencies on the geometric parameters of the antenna are plotted. We establish that a decrease in values of the base frequency and an increase in the wavelength is associated with an increase in the depth of cutouts and the radiator length. We show that a slight influence on the base frequency is caused by changes in width of the feedline, thickness of the substrate and length of the ground. The proposed formulas, describing relationships of the base frequency as well as the wavelength at this frequency with the geometric parameters of the antenna, can be used to design a six-tooth-shaped antenna in a wide frequency range.

http://journals.uran.ua/visnyknakkkim/article/download/171909/171611

On base frequency of the symmetrical six-tooth-shaped microstrip antenna

A dipole wire antenna of the Koch type is considered. The antenna represents a wire dipole symmetrical with respect to the point of feeding. Arms of the dipole have a geometry similar to Koch's pre-fractal. The curves forming the arms differ from the classical Koch fractal only by the position of the central vertex. A family of antennas is singled out, in which the antennas differ from each other by coordinates of the central vertices. An algorithm for calculating lacunarity is described. A correlation analysis is provided with a correlation of bandwidth as well as relative bandwidth with lacunarity. Antennas having the geometry of the first three iterations of a Koch-type curve are chosen for the analysis. The calculated correlation coefficients are given in the tables. It is shown that increasing the iteration leads to a decrease in the correlation between the selected parameters. It is obtained that the correlation coefficients for the relative bandwidth are smaller than those for the bandwidth. Single-parameter regression models for the bandwidth and the relative bandwidth are constructed. The root-mean-square errors for the models are calculated. The proposed regression formulas can be used to design broadband wire antennas.

https://www.amazoniainvestiga.info/index.php/amazonia/article/download/405/377

Relationship between lacunarity and bandwidth of a koch-type wire antenna

The microstrip antenna with a symmetrical rectangular radiator and four teeth is described. The influence of the base geometric parameters of the antenna on the bandwidth at the base frequency was studied. The following geometric parameters of the antenna are selected: the length and the width of the radiator, the depth of cuts, the thickness of the substrate, the length of the ground plane and the width of the feed line. The regression analysis was carried out and the mathematical model describing the dependence of the bandwidth on the length and the width of the radiator and the depth of the cuts was developed. The rootmean-square error and the relative absolute error of the model were calculated. The graphs of the bandwidth dependences on the geometric parameters are presented. It was established that the decrease of the bandwidth values is associated with an increase of the radiator width and the substrate thickness. It was shown that a slight influence on the bandwidth are made by the changes of the radiator length and the depths of the cuts only in the case when the radiator width is much smaller than its length. The proposed formula describing the relationship of the bandwidth with the geometric parameters of the antenna can be used to design a four-tooth antenna with wide bandwidth.

http://www.helix.dnares.in/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/2275-2283.879.pdf

Angelina G. Markina

Papers

Bandwidth Enhancement of Symmetrical Fourth-Teeth-Shaped Microstrip Antenna