It is a high cost to carry a university into the ranks of world-class institutions. The author argues that putting too much stress on attaining world-class status may harm an individual university or an academic system. Meanwhile he as well recommends a more realistic and objective strategy, which is for focusing on building "national" or "regional-class" academic institutions with closely related to economy and social of the country or this region, and not blindly pursuing world-class status.

The costs and benefits of world-class universities

Most models of negative workplace behaviors (NWB) are individual in nature, focusing on individual attitudes (e.g., satisfaction) and general workplace perceptions (e.g., procedural justice) that motivate NWB. Less commonly considered are explorations of relationally based negative workplace behaviors-how NWB from Party A is related to reciprocation of NWB from Party B. Based on 2 competing conceptualizations in the literature, that behavior is reciprocated "in-kind" in an eye for an eye exchange or that behavior tends to escalate or spiral over time, we develop a framework for negative reciprocity that considers NWB in terms of severity, activity, and target. This framework addresses (a) whether Party A's NWB is associated with behavior of a similar or greater level (i.e., activity and severity) from Party B; and (b) whether Party B's reciprocating behavior is directed back at Party A (i.e., direct) or transferred onto others (i.e., displaced). We meta-analytically test these relationships with 246 independent samples (N = 96,930) and find strongest support for relationships indicating that NWB from Party A is largely returned in-kind, followed closely by relationships indicative of escalation. We also found that as the frequency of Party A's NWB increases, so too does the frequency of reciprocity behavior of equal levels. Surprisingly, differences related to the target of the behavior as well as differences based on whether the data were cross-sectional or longitudinal were generally negligible. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

An eye for an eye? A meta-analysis of negative reciprocity in organizations.

Previous literature on disputing and legal mobilization suggests that stigmatized, self-blaming, and/or vulnerable populations often face insurmountable barriers to naming a situation as injurious and claiming redress. Contrary to what one would expect from this literature, prisoners in the United States—among the most stigmatized and vulnerable of populations—file tens of thousands of grievances annually. To explore this apparent paradox, we draw on an unprecedented data set comprised of interviews with a random sample of 120 men in three California prisons. Our data reveal that these prisoners are willing and able to name problems, and most of them have filed at least one grievance. While some expressed self-blame and most said there was retaliation for filing a grievance, the majority overcame these impediments to filing. We argue that the context of prison—a total institution in which law is a hypervisible force—enhances this form of legal mobilization by prisoners, trumping the social and psychological factors that the context otherwise produces and that in other populations tamp down claims making. The pattern of these prisoners' claims, however, reveals that they are by no means immune to the countervailing pressures. While staff disrespect was named frequently as a problem in prison, grievances against staff were relatively rare. In concluding, we note that the U.S. Supreme Court recently found California prisons violate the Eighth Amendment's ban on cruel and unusual punishment, a finding that reveals the inadequacy of the inmate appeals system despite prisoners' repeated efforts to hold the state accountable.

Inside the pyramid of disputes: Naming problems and filing grievances in California prisons

An Exploration of Academic Staff's Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Counterproductive Work Behavior in Relation to Demographic Characteristics

The purpose of this paper is to highlight the concept deviant workplace behavior through review of previous studies on deviance workplace behavior area and understand the dynamics of deviant workplace behavior. The first, the researcher discuss the need for research in deviance workplace behavior of employees especially to understand the impact of various factors on deviant workplace behavior. Secondly, the research carried out with the review of previous literature from the area of deviance workplace behavior and presents the summary on review of the literature relevant antecedents of deviant workplace behavior and prevalence cost of DWB. The third, the current study is totally based on the secondary source of data based on various journal referred and collected from various websites. Finally, the study presents its implications, the future directions and its limitation and conclusion of the study with respect to deviant workplace behavior in public organizations.

/pdf/a-systematic-review-on-the-deviant-workplace-behavior-2n72xvmk3i.pdf

A Systematic Review on the Deviant Workplace Behavior

Grievances are indispensible in the contemporary of competition in the face of limited resources available to the individuals, organizations and the nations. A grievance, in the organizational context, refers to the formally submitted complaint by an employee or group of employees. However, if a grievance is made good in time, the existing relationships between the employee and his co-workers is expected to get strengthened. Otherwise, it turns into a dispute thereby aggravating the organizational relationships from bad to worse. This article brings a diversity of arguments around the practices of ‘filing grievance’ in the form of thesis and anti-thesis thereby emerging into a ‘synthesis’ arguing that grievance-filing is not negative in itself unless baseless and fake grievances are filed for some hidden agenda. This paper also presents a conceptual model which demonstrates the relationship dynamics of filing grievances and guides the future researches. Some propositions have also been developed in this paper which could be validated by empirical researches in the future.

https://journal.buitms.edu.pk/j/index.php/bj/article/download/103/100

Relationship Dynamics of Filing Grievances: A Conceptual Model

A Child being considered as the wealth as well as asset of the nation primarily lies below the age of eighteen years. The evil of Pornography of children in India has been rising since decades. The challenges related to sexual abuse as well as exploitation of the children in the nation is getting bigger with the days and years passing by. The impact of pandemic on the pornographic industry has lead to a total rise of 95% in the child pornographic content available through various online portals and websites. The Government plays a role of guard by further taking national as well as international measures in order to tackle this evil of pornography of children.

Protection of children from the evil of pornography

One of the most important inventions and development in the history of the human race is forensic science. Without having knowledge of forensic science, there would be a great negative effect on society as well as the judicial system. In the contemporary era, forensic science play a very important role in solving the crime problem. It provides better opportunities to the judicial system for solving the crime and in detection the criminal. The present judicial system of India comprise various modes of techniques including DNA Profiling, Brain-Fingerprinting, Narco-Analysis, Polygraph, DNA Fingerprinting, forensic DNA etc., which are proving very helpful in solving the crime problem. At present courts are taking these techniques in to consideration while delivering judgments.

Forensic science application: An effective tool of criminal investigations

Wildlife is an essential part of wholesome environment which needs the special care andattention toward its preservation and prevention of crimes through effective legal and scientificmechanisms. Now world has moving towards the inclusion of technology in every sphere ofhuman life. Here law and science are mediums of achieving the ends for the betterment oflives and welfare of humans. Forensic science has been emerging as a great aid in conductingthe effective investigation against wildlife crimes. This article points out certain methods offorensic science in relation to the law in India, and their utility, so that the cherished right ofwholesome environment can become a reality

/pdf/scientific-methods-in-protection-of-wildlife-a-need-of-time-2449oyn1.pdf

Anjum Parvez

Papers

Relationship Dynamics of Filing Grievances: A Conceptual Model

Protection of children from the evil of pornography

Forensic science application: An effective tool of criminal investigations

Scientific Methods in Protection of Wildlife: A Need of Time