Anthony Downs

TL;DR: Downs presents a rational calculus of voting that has inspired much of the later work on voting and turnout as discussed by the authors, particularly significant was his conclusion that a rational voter should almost never bother to vote.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide an overview of recent research on the subject of peak-hour traffic congestion by transportation experts and land-use planners and examine the advantages and disadvantages of the principal strategies being proposed to reduce traffic congestion.

TL;DR: Downs as mentioned in this paper discusses the largely unrecognized symbiosis of central cities and suburbs and proposes that Americans consider at least three alternative visions of metropolitan growth that he identifies as "Bounded High-Density", "Limited-Spread Mixed Density", and "New Communities and Green Belts".

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors point out that Smart Growth is much more talked about than actually carried out in practice, and that such regions are greatly outnumbered by others where Smart Growth principles are commonly discussed but not actually put into effect.

TL;DR: In this paper, a regression analysis of measures of both sprawl and urban decline shows no statistically significant relation between these two conditions, and no feasible policies are likely either to alleviate traffic congestion much or cause most American regions to abandon sprawl.