Isolation and characterization of cellulose nanocrystals from industrial by-products of Agave tequilana and barley

Production of plant proteases in vivo and in vitro — A review

Algae biopolymer towards sustainable circular economy.

R. Garcia-Gonzales, K. Quiroz, B. Carrasco, and P.D.S. Caligari. 2010. Plant tissue culture: Current status, opportunities and challenges. Cien. Inv. Agr. 37(3): 5-30. In the last two decades plant biotechnology applications have been widely developed and incorporated into the agricultural systems of many countries worldwide. Tissue culture tools have been a key factor to support such outcomes. Current results have allowed plant biotechnology and its products –including transgenic plants with several traits- to be the most assimilated technology for farmers and companies, representing several benefits such as: 125 millions ha of transgenic crops in 2008, the reduction of pesticides application by up to 9% in the last ten years, transgenic plants with a better nutritional quality, mass propagation of selected and healthy plants, and the production of proteins for industrial or therapeutic use. The rapid and extensive assimilation for this technology has improved the competences of the agricultural systems both in industrial and in developing countries, based on the proper application of research programs. Several theoretical and practical aspects supporting plant tissue culture applications, as well as the main results and current status of the technology are discussed in this review. The reader will find key elements to evaluate the potential of plant tissue culture tools for the development of agriculture, livestock, human health and nutrition, and human well being in general.

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Plant tissue culture: Current status, opportunities and challenges

In plant tissue culture research, there is a constant need to search for novel substances that could result in better or more efficient growth in vitro. A relatively unknown compound, phloroglucinol (1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene), which is a degradation product of phloridzin, has growth-promoting properties. Phloroglucinol increases shoot formation and somatic embryogenesis in several horticultural and grain crops. When added to rooting media together with auxin, phloroglucinol further stimulates rooting, most likely because phloroglucinol and its homologues act as auxin synergists or auxin protectors. Of particular interest is the ability of phloroglucinol—a precursor in the lignin biosynthesis pathway—to effectively control hyperhydricity through the process of lignification, thus maximizing the multiplication rate of woody species and other species that are difficult to propagate. Phloroglucinol has also been used to improve the recovery of cryopreserved Dendrobium protocorms, increasing the potential of cryopreservation for application in ornamental biotechnology. Phloroglucinol demonstrates both cytokinin-like and auxin-like activity, much like thidiazuron, and thus has considerable potential for application in a wide range of plant tissue culture studies.

Phloroglucinol in plant tissue culture

Plant regeneration of Carica papaya L. through somatic embryogenesis in response to light quality, gelling agent and phloridzin

Somatic embryogenesis was achieved from leaves of Agave tequilana Weber cultivar azul utilizing MS medium supplemented with L2 vitamins and the addition of cytokinins: 6-benzylaminopurine (BA), 1-phenyl-3(1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl)urea (TDZ), 6-(γ-γ-dimethylamino)purine (2ip) and 6-furfurylaminopurine (KIN), combined with the auxin 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Differences among the six genotypes studied with regard to their embryogenic response in culture were found. Embryos produced by genotype S3 under a hormone regime of high cytokinin (44.4 to 66.6 μM BA) compared to auxin (4.5 μM 2,4-D) contained chlorophyll, whereas those produced when auxin was high compared to cytokinin (9.0 and 13.6 μM 2,4-D and 1.3 and 4.0 μM BA, respectively) were whitish and morphologically similar to their zygotic counterparts. Somatic embryos matured and germinated after transferring the embryogenic calli to maturation and germination medium without growth regulators and enriched with organic nitrogen. Microscopic observations demonstrated a unicellular origin for production of indirect somatic embryos.

https://bioone.org/journals/In-Vitro-Cellular-and-Developmental-Biology---Plant/volume-43/issue-6/s11627-007-9046-5/Somatic-embryogenesis-in-span-classgenus-speciesAgave-tequilana-span-Weber-cultivar/10.1007/s11627-007-9046-5.pdf

Somatic embryogenesis in Agave tequilana Weber cultivar azul

Plant regeneration through direct somatic embryogenesis of leaf blade explants from in vitro propagated plants of Agave victoria-reginae Moore, is described. Somatic embryogenesis was evident in a 6-week period on agarsolidified MS medium supplemented with L2 vitamins and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (1,4 µM), and germination of somatic embryos was achieved after 8 weeks on half-strength MS medium and 4 weeks on half-strength SH medium, both lacking growth regulators. Hyperhydricity of somatic embryos and plantlets was reduced by the use of vented culture vessel lids during the last 4 weeks on SH medium. Shoot proliferation was obtained, and hyperhydricity was eliminated on a modified MS medium (with NH4NO3 reduced to 5 mN) supplemented with kinetin (4.6 µM) and 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (1.6 µM) and the use of vented culture vessel lids.

Antonia Gutiérrez-Mora

Papers

Plant regeneration of Carica papaya L. through somatic embryogenesis in response to light quality, gelling agent and phloridzin

Somatic embryogenesis in Agave tequilana Weber cultivar azul

Somatic embryogenesis of Agave victoria-reginae Moore

Morphological and molecular diversity of Agave tequilana Weber var. Azul and Agave angustifolia Haw. var. Lineño.

In vitro somatic embryogenesis from suspension cultures of Carica papaya L