Wireless Communications

It is shown that, particularly for terrestrial cellular telephony, the interference-suppression feature of CDMA (code division multiple access) can result in a many-fold increase in capacity over analog and even over competing digital techniques. A single-cell system, such as a hubbed satellite network, is addressed, and the basic expression for capacity is developed. The corresponding expressions for a multiple-cell system are derived. and the distribution on the number of users supportable per cell is determined. It is concluded that properly augmented and power-controlled multiple-cell CDMA promises a quantum increase in current cellular capacity. >

On the capacity of a cellular CDMA system

The vision of next generation 5G wireless communications lies in providing very high data rates (typically of Gbps order), extremely low latency, manifold increase in base station capacity, and significant improvement in users’ perceived quality of service (QoS), compared to current 4G LTE networks. Ever increasing proliferation of smart devices, introduction of new emerging multimedia applications, together with an exponential rise in wireless data (multimedia) demand and usage is already creating a significant burden on existing cellular networks. 5G wireless systems, with improved data rates, capacity, latency, and QoS are expected to be the panacea of most of the current cellular networks’ problems. In this survey, we make an exhaustive review of wireless evolution toward 5G networks. We first discuss the new architectural changes associated with the radio access network (RAN) design, including air interfaces, smart antennas, cloud and heterogeneous RAN. Subsequently, we make an in-depth survey of underlying novel mm-wave physical layer technologies, encompassing new channel model estimation, directional antenna design, beamforming algorithms, and massive MIMO technologies. Next, the details of MAC layer protocols and multiplexing schemes needed to efficiently support this new physical layer are discussed. We also look into the killer applications, considered as the major driving force behind 5G. In order to understand the improved user experience, we provide highlights of new QoS, QoE, and SON features associated with the 5G evolution. For alleviating the increased network energy consumption and operating expenditure, we make a detail review on energy awareness and cost efficiency. As understanding the current status of 5G implementation is important for its eventual commercialization, we also discuss relevant field trials, drive tests, and simulation experiments. Finally, we point out major existing research issues and identify possible future research directions.

Next Generation 5G Wireless Networks: A Comprehensive Survey

The Smart Grid, regarded as the next generation power grid, uses two-way flows of electricity and information to create a widely distributed automated energy delivery network. In this article, we survey the literature till 2011 on the enabling technologies for the Smart Grid. We explore three major systems, namely the smart infrastructure system, the smart management system, and the smart protection system. We also propose possible future directions in each system. colorred{Specifically, for the smart infrastructure system, we explore the smart energy subsystem, the smart information subsystem, and the smart communication subsystem.} For the smart management system, we explore various management objectives, such as improving energy efficiency, profiling demand, maximizing utility, reducing cost, and controlling emission. We also explore various management methods to achieve these objectives. For the smart protection system, we explore various failure protection mechanisms which improve the reliability of the Smart Grid, and explore the security and privacy issues in the Smart Grid.

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Smart Grid — The New and Improved Power Grid: A Survey

Smart Grid - The New and Improved Power Grid:

From the Publisher:
WCDMA for UMTS provides a complete picture of the Wideband CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) air interface of the 3rd generation cellular systems - UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications Systems). WCDMA is designed for multimedia communications including high quality images and video, and access to services with high data rates. These capabilities will create new business opportunities for manufacturers, operators and for the providers of content and applications.
* Explains the key parts of the WCDMA standard and provides guidelines for its efficient use
* Presents network dimensioning and coverage and capacity planning of WCDMA
* Introduces radio resource management algorithms in the WCDMA network
* Examines the coverage and capacity of WCDMA up to 2Mbps using numerous simulation results
* Introduces the TDD (Time Divisions Duplex) mode
* Discusses the co-existence of TDD and FDD (Frequency Divisions Duplex) and highlights their main differences
Now includes the main modifications made to the 3GPP standard up until the end of 2000 and features the following new material:
* Reference terminal classes
* Current status of UMTS licensing
* Capacity upgrade paths and capacity per km2
* Inter-frequency handovers and inter-system handovers to GSM
* Antenna diversity gain measurements in the WCDMA experimental system
Written by leading experts in the field, this practical approach to the key features in WCDMA will have wide-ranging appeal to Research and Development Engineers, Practising Engineers, Cellular Operators, Technical Managers and Students on Telecommunications courses.

WCDMA for UMTS: Radio Access for Third Generation Mobile Communications

From the Publisher:
WCDMA for UMTS is the only reference available which provides a complete picture of the Wideband CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) air interface of the 3rd generation cellular systems - UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System). WCDMA is designed for multimedia communications including high quality images and video, and access to services with high data rates. These capabilities will create new business opportunities for manufacturers, operators and for the providers of content and applications.
Explains the key parts of the 3GPP/WCDMA standard and provides guidelines for its efficient usePresents network dimensioning and coverage and capacity planning of WCDMAIntroduces radio resource management algorithms in the WCDMA networkExamines the coverage and capacity of WCDMA up to 2Mbps using numerous simulation resultsIntroduces the TDD (Time Divisions Duplex) modeDiscusses the co-existence of TDD and FDD (Frequency Divisions Duplex) and highlights their main differences
The second edition contains 50 new pages and features the following updates, enabling this reference to remain as the leading text in the area:
HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Data)BTS and UE performance requirementsWCDMA1900: WCDMA for the Americas marketIP transportLocation techniques

WCDMA for UMTS

From the editors of the highly successful WCDMA for UMTS, this new book gives a complete and up-to-date overview of Long Term Evolution (LTE) in a systematic and clear manner. It starts with an in-depth explanation of the background and standardization process before moving on to examine the system architecture evolution (SAE). The basics of air interface modulation choices are introduced and key subjects such as 3GPP LTE physical layer and protocol solutions are described. Mobility aspects and radio resource management together with radio and end-to-end performance are assessed. The voice solution and voice capacity in LTE are also illustrated. Finally, the main differences between LTE TDD and FDD modes are examined and HSPA evolution in 3GPP Releases 7 and 8 is described. LTE for UMTS is one of the first books to provide a comprehensive guide to the standards and technologies of LTE. Key features of the book include: Covers all the key aspects of LTE in a systematic manner Presents full description of 3GPP Release 8 LTE Examines the expected performance of LTE Written by experts actively involved in the 3GPP standards and product development.

LTE for UMTS - OFDMA and SC-FDMA Based Radio Access

As wireless communications technologies evolve, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) seems a strong candidate for providing multimedia to the handset, as well as Universal Mobile Telecommunications Services (UMTS)--which is to say common wireless communications standards over most of the world. WCDMA for UMTS sets out to decipher the standards documents of the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). Specifically, this book deals with the 3GPP documents on Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD) for Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA). This book should prove valuable to readers who plan to implement WCDMA in hardware designs or service offerings. A series of engineering problems make up the backbone of the book, and each part of the deployment process is explained via text and calculations. For example, in the discussion on planning a radio network for WCDMA service provision, the book explains precisely how to take into account requirements (for quality of service, user capacity, and coverage) and conditions (such as terrain). Readers get formulas into which they can plug relative traffic predictions for voice, real-time data, non-real-time data, and overhead. There's also an explanation of how to interpret the formula output for deploying antennae. This is a serious engineering handbook for those who are involved in deploying WCDMA. --David Wall Topics covered: Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA)--what it is, and (especially) how to implement it in a wireless network. Radio interface protocols, packet traffic, and network planning all are covered.

WCDMA for UMTS: HSPA Evolution and LTE

Preface. Acknowledgements. Abbreviations. 1. Introduction (Harri Holma and Antti Toskala). 1.1 WCDMA technology and deployment status. 1.2 HSPA standardization and deployment schedule. 1.3 Radio capability evolution with HSPA. 2. HSPA standardization and background (Antti Toskala and Karri Ranta-Aho) 2.1 3GPP. 2.2 References. 3. HSPA architecture and protocols (Antti Toskala and Juho Pirskanen). 3.1 Radio resource management architecture. 3.2 References. 4. HSDPA principles (Juho Pirskanen and Antti Toskala). 4.1 HSDPA vs Release 99 DCH. 4.2 Key technologies with HSDPA. 4.3 High-speed dedicated physical control channel. 4.4 BTS measurements for HSDPA operation. 4.5 Terminal capabilities. 4.6 HSDPA MAC layer operation. 4.7 References. 5. HSUPA principles (Karri Ranta-Aho and Antti Toskala). 5.1 HSUPA vs Release 99 DCH. 5.2 Key technologies with HSUPA. 5.3 E-DCH transport channel and physical channels. 5.4 Physical layer procedures. 5.5 MAC layer. 5.6 Iub parameters. 5.7 Mobility. 5.8 UE capabilities and data rates. 5.9 References and list of related 3GPP specifications. 6. Radio resource management (Harri Holma, Troels Kolding, Klaus Pedersen, and Jeroen Wigard). 6.1 HSDPA radio resource management. 6.2 HSUPA radio resource management. 6.3 References. 7. HSDPA bit rates, capacity and coverage (Frank Frederiksen, Harri Holma, Troels Kolding, and Klaus Pedersen). 7.1 General performance factors. 7.2 Single-user performance. 7.3 Multiuser system performance. 7.4 Iub transmission efficiency. 7.5 Capacity and cost of data delivery. 7.6 Round trip time. 7.7 HSDPA measurements. 7.8 HSDPA performance evolution. 7.9 Conclusions. 7.10 Bibliography. 8. HSUPA bit rates, capacity and coverage (Jussi Jaatinen, Harri Holma, Claudio Rosa, and Jeroen Wigard). 8.1 General performance factors. 8.2 Single-user performance. 8.3 Cell capacity. 8.4 HSUPA performance enhancements. 8.5 Conclusions. 8.6 Bibliography. 9. Application and end-to-end performance (Chris Johnson, Sandro Grech, Harri Holma, and Martin Kristensson) 9.1 Packet application introduction. 9.2 Always-on connectivity. 9.3 Application performance over HSPA. 9.4 Application performance vs network load. 9.5 References. 10. Voice-over-IP (Harri Holma, Esa Malkama ki, and Klaus Pedersen). 10.1 VoIP motivation. 10.2 IP header compression. 10.3 VoIP over HSPA. 10.4 References. 11. RF requirements of an HSPA terminal (Harri Holma, Jussi Numminen, Markus Pettersson, and Antti Toskala). 11.1 Transmitter requirements. 11.2 Receiver requirements. 11.3 Frequency bands and multiband terminals. 11.4 References. Index.

Antti Toskala

Papers

WCDMA for UMTS: Radio Access for Third Generation Mobile Communications

WCDMA for UMTS

LTE for UMTS - OFDMA and SC-FDMA Based Radio Access

WCDMA for UMTS: HSPA Evolution and LTE

HSDPA/HSUPA for UMTS: High Speed Radio Access for Mobile Communications