This study was aimed at finding out the antioxidant potential of mangrove Sonneratia albayoung leaf collected from Wori village, Wori district, North Sulawesi. The extract was obtained from dry powder of young leaf of S.albausing 2 extration methods (soxhlet and maceration), and2 solvents (methanol and ethanol). Phytochemical analyses were qualitatively done to detect the presence of phenols, flavonoid, tanin, steroid, triterpenoid,and alkaloid, total phenols using Folin Ciocalteau and antioxidants using DPPH (1-1-diphenil-2pikrihidrasil) method. Results found that the extract rendement was higher in soxhlet extraction using 9.77% methanol or 9.18% ethanol than in maceration method using 2.61% methanol and2.51% ethanol.Phytochemical analyses found that soxhlet extraction with either methanol or ethanol detected all phytochemical components tested, while maceration extraction did not detec the presence of alkaloid. The highest total phenol was recorded in the maceration extract with ethanol (34.2 mgGAE/g extract) followed by soxhlet extraction with methanol (33.6 mgGAE/g), metanol maceration (31.7 mgGAE/g), and ethanol maceration (28.6 mgGAE/g). Higher antioxidant activity was found in 2 samples macerated with ethanol (IC50 DPPH=5.01μg/mL) and sokhlet with methanol (IC50 DPPH=5.16μg/mL) than that of vitamin C (IC50 DPPH=5.21μg/mL), while 2 other samples had lower antioxidant activity than that of vitamin C, soxhlet ethanol extract (IC50 DPPH=6.23μg/mL) and methanol maceration (IC50=7.45μg/mL). As a whole, this study concluded that young leaf extract of S.albais potential as natural antioxidant source.

/pdf/phytochemical-content-total-phenols-and-antioxidant-activity-2u6zhl2rm7.pdf

Phytochemical Content, Total Phenols, and Antioxidant Activity of MangroveSonneratia albaYoung Leaf Through Different Extraction Methods and Solvents

Ellagitannins constitute the largest group of hydrolyzable tannins of plants, and, from this group, casuarictin (Casu) was identified in some plant species. However, to our knowledge, no investigation of secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) inhibition by Casu has been performed yet. Casuarictin was isolated by chromatography n-butanol (n-BuOH) partition of Laguncularia racemosa leaves. The pharmacological and biological effects of Casu were evaluated on isolated sPLA2 from the rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus terrificus) and using a plant bacterial strain. The compound was able to form a protein complex consisting of a stable sPLA2 + Casu complex. Analyses carried out with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) revealed that the molecular mass of sPLA2 increased from 14,425.62 to 15,362.74 Da. The enzymatic activity of the sPLA2 + Casu complex was significantly lower than that of native sPLA2. Besides, molecular interactions of Casu with sPLA2 were able to virtually abolish the native edematogenic effect as well as myonecrosis induced by the protein when injected 10 min after sPLA2. Therefore, Casu may be considered a potential anti-inflammatory that can be used to treat edema and myonecrosis induced by serine-secreting phospholipase A2. In addition, the compound also showed great antimicrobial potential.

https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/17/7/403/pdf

Evaluation of the Inhibitory Potential of Casuarictin, an Ellagitannin Isolated from White Mangrove (Laguncularia racemosa) Leaves, on Snake Venom Secretory Phospholipase A2.

The potential of mangrove Avicennia marina and A. Alba from Nguling district, Pasuruan, East Java as an antioxidant

Phytochemical profile and toxicity of extracts from the leaf of Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh. collected in mangrove areas affected by port activities

Many infectious diseases can be treated using herbal medicines. Therefore, plant materials play a major role in therapeutic medicine and are widely used in many developing countries. In this study, we analyzed the potential of Avicennia marina and Suaeda monoica leaf extracts as antidermatophytic agents. Molecular identification of the plant samples was performed via DNA sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region using the primers ITS-u1 and ITS-u4. Leaf extracts of A. marina and S. monoica were prepared in cold and hot distilled water. Their antidermatophytic activities were evaluated against Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T. verrucosum, Microsporum gallinae, M. gypseum, M. canis, Epidermophyton floccosum, Candida albicans, and C. tropicalis using the dry weight method. E. floccosum was the most sensitive to both cold extracts of A. marina and S. monoica, whereas T. verrucosum was the most sensitive to the hot extract of A. marina. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of the hot extracts were determined. They ranged from 10 to 30 mg/ml, defining the anti-scavenging activity and total phenolic content of both plants. The hot extract of A. marina possessed the highest anti-scavenging activity (76%), whereas the cold extract of A. marina contained the highest phenolic content (40.06 mg/g dry weight). In addition, high-performance liquid chromatography was used to separate and estimate some of the bioactive compounds present in the plant extracts.

/pdf/in-vitro-antidermatophytic-and-biochemical-studies-on-kvuu22dm.pdf

In Vitro Antidermatophytic and Biochemical Studies on Aqueous Extracts of Avicennia marina and Suaeda monoica Plants from the Yanbu Region

Objective: To evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of different parts (leaf, stem and pneumatophore) of a mangrove plant Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh (Avicenniaceae). Methods: The extraction was done by cold percolation method using solvents of hexane, ethyl acetate, acetone, methanol and water. Total phenol and flavonoid content were measured by Folin-Ciocalteu's reagent and aluminium chloride colorimetric method respectively. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using antioxidant assays of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging activity, superoxide radical scavenging assay, 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethyl) benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid, ferric reducing antioxidant power and reducing capacity assessment. The antibacterial activity was done by agar well diffusion method against four Gram-positive, four Gram-negative bacteria and four fungi. Results: Different antioxidant assays showed different levels of activity in different parts and different solvent extracts. Overall, acetone extract of stem showed the best antioxidant activity. The Gram-positive bacteria were more susceptible than Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. Conclusions: The results indicated extract of Avicennia marina can be used as a promising source of natural antioxidant.

Ashish Dalsaniya

Papers

Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of a mangrove plant Avicennia marina (Forsk.)