https://orca.cf.ac.uk/88855/1/Metering_final-version.pdf

Building energy metering and environmental monitoring – A state-of-the-art review and directions for future research

Intelligent homes’ technologies to optimize the energy performance for the net zero energy home

Electricity is one of the fundamental necessities of human beings, which is commonly used for domestic, industrial and agricultural purposes. Power theft is the biggest problem in recent days which causes lot of loss to electricity boards. In countries like India, these situations are more often. If we can prevent these thefts we can save lot of power. This is done using Smart Energy Meter (SEM). SEM is an electric device having energy meter chip for measuring the electric energy consumed and a wireless protocol for data communication. This paper presents a smart energy meter for an automatic metering and billing system. In this meter energy utilized and the corresponding amount will be displayed on the LCD continuously and communicated to the controlling base station. The feedback from the user helps in identifying the usages between authorized and unauthorized users which helps in controlling the power theft. Communication between user/household and substation is done using Zigbee. GSM network is used for sending SMS to the local authorities regarding the theft cases. This meter can work as either prepaid or post-paid meter. The proposed system replaces traditional meter reading methods and enables remote access of existing energy meter by the energy provider. Also they can monitor the meter readings regularly without the person visiting each house.

Design and implementation of smart energy meter

Electricity theft is a common practice in developing countries which cannot be controlled by the governments due to lack of technology Emerging trends such as Automatic Meter Reading (AMR) eliminate the need of person visiting each house but this advancement further increases Non-Technical losses (NTL) because of no regular inspection at the residence However traditional meter reading by human operator is inefficient to meet the future residential development needs This paper proposes a new system based on ARM-Cortex M3 processor to protect the energy meter from phase line bypassing, neutral line disconnection, whole meter bypassing and meter tampering A SMS automatically send to utility server through Global System for Mobile (GSM) network when these measures detected In this paper a novel method is proposed to solve the problem with AMR systems without affecting its major advantage of remote monitoring Integrating this new feature into smart meters provides a robust metering solution

Development of ARM processor based electricity theft control system using GSM network

The traditional method of manual electric meter reading is very tedious and is prone to lot of errors and has a lot of disadvantages Some of these disadvantages include low efficiency, man power consuming The existing methods of Automatic Meter Reading are based on measuring the electric impulse of the sensor This is prone to wrong counting of the impulses which leads to faulty meter reading And so a better option is to fit a image acquisition device like camera in front of the meter that will take realtime pictures of the meter readings This picture is then processed, segmented and the individual digits are recognized using unsupervised feature learning technique-Support Vector Machine The advantages of this method is that it can generalize over the large degree of variation between styles and recognition rules can be constructed by example This highly efficient classifier is used for both detection and recognition of these digits

Support Vector Machine based automatic electric meter reading system

The technology of e-metering (Electronic Metering) has gone through rapid technological advancements and there is increased demand for a reliable and efficient Automatic Meter Reading (AMR) system. This paper presents the design of a simple low cost wireless GSM energy meter and its associated web interface, for automating billing and managing the collected data globally. The proposed system replaces traditional meter reading methods and enables remote access of existing energy meter by the energy provider. Also they can monitor the meter readings regularly without the person visiting each house. A GSM based wireless communication module is integrated with electronic energy meter of each entity to have remote access over the usage of electricity. A PC with a GSM receiver at the other end, which contains the database acts as the billing point. Live meter reading from the GSM enabled energy meter is sent back to this billing point periodically and these details are updated in a central database. A new interactive, user friendly graphical user interface is developed using Microsoft visual studio .NET framework and C#. With proper authentication, users can access the developed web page details from anywhere in the world. The complete monthly usage and due bill is messaged back to the customer after processing these data.

Ashna Kk

Papers

GSM based automatic energy meter reading system with instant billing