Arsenic removal from water/wastewater using adsorbents—A critical review

Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles using plants

A review on plants extract mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles for antimicrobial applications: A green expertise.

The effects of solution pH and temperature on the adsorption of fluoride onto bone char made from cattle bones were investigated in this work. It was found that the maximum adsorption took place at pH 3 and the adsorption capacity decreased nearly 20 times augmenting the pH from 3 to 12. This behavior was attributed to the electrostatic interactions between the surface of bone char and the fluoride ions in solution. The adsorption capacity was not influenced by temperature in the range from 15 to 35 °C. A comparison of fluoride adsorption capacities among several adsorbents revealed that the adsorption capacity of the bone char was 2.8 and 36 times greater than those of a commercial activated alumina (F-1) and a commercial activated carbon (F-400). The adsorption capacity is considerably dependent upon the physicochemical properties of the bone char surface and the solution pH.

/pdf/adsorption-of-fluoride-from-water-solution-on-bone-char-2xjff2bkrx.pdf

Adsorption of Fluoride from Water Solution on Bone Char

Synthesis of metallic nanoparticles using plant extracts.

Dielectric properties for nanocomposites with metallic fillers inside a polymer matrix were determined using CST STUDIO SUITE—Electromagnetic field simulation software followed by the free-space Nicolson–Ross–Weir procedure. The structure is randomly generated to simulate the intrinsic non-uniformity of real nanomaterials. Cubic insertions were equated to corresponding spherical particles in order to provide either the same volume index or the same exterior surface index. The energy concentration around the inserts and within the entire material was determined as useful information in practice in order to design materials tailored to avoid exceeding the field/temperature limit values. The paper successfully associated the dialectic measurements with the results from the computer simulations, which are mainly based on energetic effects in electromagnetic applications. The experimental results are comparable with the software simulation in terms of precision. The conclusions outline the practical applications of the method for both electromagnetic shielding and microwave domain/telecommunications applications.

/pdf/simulation-of-dielectric-properties-of-nanocomposites-with-3m5edna4.pdf

Simulation of Dielectric Properties of Nanocomposites with Non-Uniform Filler Distribution

The natural bioactive or nutraceuticals exhibit several health benefits, including anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, metal chelation, antiviral, and antimicrobial activity. The inherent limitation of nutraceuticals or bioactive ligand(s) in terms of poor pharmacokinetic and other physicochemical properties affects their overall therapeutic efficiency. The excess of iron in the physiological compartments and its varying dynamic oxidation state [Fe(II) and Fe(III)] precipitates various clinical conditions such as non-transferrin bound iron (NTBI), labile iron pool (LIP), ferroptosis, cancer, etc. Though several natural bioactive ligands are proposed to chelate iron, the efficiency of bioactive ligands is limited due to poor bioavailability, denticity, and other related physicochemical properties. The present review provides insight into the relevance of studying the dynamic oxidation state of iron(II) and iron(III) in the physiological compartments and its clinical significance for selecting diagnostics and therapeutic regimes. We suggested a three-pronged approach, i.e., diagnosis, selection of therapeutic regime (natural bioactive), and integration of novel drug delivery systems (NDDS) or nanotechnology-based principles. This systematic approach improves the overall therapeutic efficiency of natural iron chelators to manage iron overload-related clinical conditions.

Bioactive nutraceutical ligands and their efficiency to chelate elemental iron of varying dynamic oxidation states to mitigate associated clinical conditions.

Titanium dioxide (TiO 2) thin films were synthesized by the sol-gel method . The titanium (IV) iso- propoxide and ethanol were used as precursor of TiO 2 and solvent, respectively. The TiO 2 sol was spin coated on glass substrates and pre-heated at 50 o C for 15 min. The films were annealed at different temperatures for two hours in ambient air to obtain TiO 2 films. The same methodology was followed with the doping of different wt. % of tin (Sn) in TiO 2 sol to prepare Sn-TiO 2 films. The crystal structure of the TiO 2 films was analyzed by x-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and found to be anatase phase after annealing at 300 o C and higher temperatures. The films were tested for photo-catalytic activity for the degradation of methyl orange dye in the presenc e of UV light. The photo-catalytic property of the TiO 2 films varied with the annealing temperature and th e doping of Sn.

https://sphinxsai.com/2014/vol6pt3/14/(1977-1980)ICMCT14.pdf

Influence of Temperature and Doping on Photo-Catalytic Activity of TiO 2 Films

Un-doped and nitrogen (N) doped titanium dioxide (TiO2) nano-particles (NPs) were synthesized by the sol-gel method at room temperature (RT) using titanium tetraisopropoxide as the precursor material of TiO2. The TiO2 and N- TiO2 NPs were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), photoluminescence (PL), FTIR and Raman studies. The crystallite sizes were estimated by the XRD and SEM analysis after annealing of the samples. FTIR, PL and Raman studies confirmed the incorporation of nitrogen in anatase TiO2. The effect of nitrogen doping on photo-catalytic activity of TiO2 nano-particles for the degradation of Rhodamin B under visible light was studied. The photo-catalytic activity was also studied under UV light after annealing the TiO2 samples at different temperatures in air.

Synthesis, Characterization and Photo-Catalytic Activity of Nitrogen-Doped and Undoped Tio2 Nanoparticles

This study reports the novel use of Achatina fulica (A. fulica) mucus as a potential therapeutic repair agent in osteoarthritis and cartilage tissue repair in vitro. Snail mucus was isolated, sterilized, and characterized using FTIR, XPS, rheology, and LC-MS/MS. The GAGs, sugar, phenol, and protein contents were estimated using standard assays. The LC-MS/MS identified 6-gingerol and some other small molecules. The effects of the sterilized mucus were studied on human chondrocytes using the C28/I2 cell as a model for the in vitro assays. The MTT assay indicates that mucus extracted from the pedal of A. fulica is biocompatible with the cells up to a concentration of 50 μg/mL. The mucus promoted cell migration and proliferation and completely closed the wound within 72 h, as indicated in the in vitro scratch assay. In addition, the snail mucus reduced apoptosis significantly (p < 0.05) in the treated cells by 74.6%. It preserved the cytoskeletal integrity of the C28/I2 cells, attributed mainly to GAGs and 6-gingerol content of the mucus. In conclusion, this present study suggests that GAGs and 6-gingerol conferred wound-healing and antiapoptotic properties on the mucus secretion from A. fulica and can be explored for therapeutic repair and cartilage tissue engineering.

Ashok M. Raichur

Papers

Simulation of Dielectric Properties of Nanocomposites with Non-Uniform Filler Distribution

Bioactive nutraceutical ligands and their efficiency to chelate elemental iron of varying dynamic oxidation states to mitigate associated clinical conditions.

Influence of Temperature and Doping on Photo-Catalytic Activity of TiO 2 Films

Synthesis, Characterization and Photo-Catalytic Activity of Nitrogen-Doped and Undoped Tio2 Nanoparticles

Snail Mucus from Achatina fulica as a Biomaterial Exhibits Pro-Survival Effects on Human Chondrocytes.