Electro-optical glazing structures having total-reflection and semi-transparent and totally-transparent modes of operation which are electrically-switchable for use in dynamically controlling electromagnetic radiation flow in diverse applications.

Electro-optical glazing structures having reflection and transparent modes of operation

A liquid crystal device biased by an alternating current having a predetermined frequency higher than the dispersion frequency of the liquid crystal material. The liquid crystal device exhibits inherent capacitance across its input terminals which is resonated by an inductor to result in a higher bias current and reduction of image smear of images displayed by such device.

AC biased and resonated liquid crystal display

This invention is directed to improved photoactivated liquid crystal light valves or cells which exhibit extended lifetime. All electrically conductive elements of the light valve are separated from the liquid crystal layer by insulating layers. By thus separating all electrically conductive elements from direct contact with the liquid crystal layer, the life of the liquid crystal is significantly extended. To accomplish photoactivation in the presence of electrical insulating layers, the principle of impedance matching is applied to the photoconductor/liquid crystal combination. Three novel means of impedance matching are taught: 1) photoresponsive heterojunction; 2) low impedance liquid crystal; 3) metal grid.

Alternating current liquid crystal light valve

An apparatus for illuminating and forming an image of a specimen has a transparent specimen-supporting surface and a fiber-optic bundle divided into illumination fibers which illuminate the surface and emission fibers which are held in the same relative spatial orientation throughout their length so that they produce an image of a specimen on the surface. This image may be analyzed by an optical demultiplexer using a light gate in which groups of input pixels are associated with a single output pixel, the light gate being switchable between various light-transmission states in each of which only one of the input pixels in each groups is allowed to transmit to the output pixel, so that the light gate effectively divides a single image comprising a large number of pixels into a series of images each containing fewer pixels. This enables a single photodetector chip to produce electronic signals representing an image having a much larger number of pixels than the number of separate photodetectors on the chip.

Apparatus and methods for forming images and for optical demultiplexing

A clasping device for clasping a longitudinal object includes a clasping member having a chamber for receiving the object and having one or more blades extended inward of the chamber of the clasping member for engaging with and for clasping the object in the clasping member when the ends of the clasping member are forced toward each other. The blade includes a cusp and/or a tip for clasping the object in the clasping member. The ends of the clasping member are engaged into a socket orifice of a bracket for forcing the blades to engage with the object.

Clasping device for longitudinal object

The invention relates to the display of visible images corresponding to patterns projected by means of ionizing agents such as X-rays, gamma -rays or particle beams. The image converter in accordance with the invention comprises: a fluorescent screen optically coupled to a photoconductive film, the latter being electrically coupled to a liquid crystal film whose dynamic scattering properties are utilised to render visible the patterns projected onto the fluorescent screen by means of the ionizing radiation.

Liquid crystal image converter system responsive to ionizing radiation

An optical information storing system comprises a thin photoconductive film and a thin film of a mixture of nematic liquid crystal and dichroic dye, placed side by side between two transparent electrodes. A direct voltage V is applied between said electrodes. The data to be stored are projected optically onto the photoconductive film with a radiation to which the photoconductor is sensitive. The mixture film is illuminated by an auxiliary radiation which is rectilinearly polarized and has a wavelength corresponding to an optical absorption line of the dichroic dye, the photoconductor being sensitive to this radiation.

Optical information storing system

Elektro-optischer Fluessigkristall-Modulator

The present invention relates to electro-optical modulators wherein dynamic scattering of a layer of liquid crystal is controlled for transmitting a variable amount of radiant energy.

Assouline Georges

Papers

Liquid crystal image converter system responsive to ionizing radiation

Optical information storing system

Elektro-optischer Fluessigkristall-Modulator

Liquid crystal electro-optical modulators