Hybrid concentrated solar power (CSP)-desalination systems: A review

A hybrid solar closed-cycle gas turbine combined heat and power plant concept to meet the continuous total energy needs of a small community

Thermal performance of a Stirling engine powered by a solar simulator

This study is concerned with the construction of a simple solar energy conversion system consisting of a parabolic dish concentrator and a Stirling engine. For this purpose, a parabolic dish concentrator consisting of planar mirror segments was built and coupled with a Stirling engine recently developed by the authors for solar energy conversion and domestic cogeneration. By mounting the engine to the bottom of the dish concentrator, the solar rays were directly reflected onto the hot end of the displacer cylinder. For the design of an appropriate parabolic dish concentrator reflecting solar rays onto the hot zone of a displacer cylinder and satisfying their uniform distribution, an equation was derived. The energy conversion unit constructed was tested under 820 W m−2 solar radiation. The engine started to run at 93°C hot end temperature. At steady running conditions, the hot end temperature of the displacer cylinder became stable at ∼156°C. The variation of shaft power with engine speed and char...

Construction and testing of a dish/Stirling solar energy unit

Paraboloidal dish concentrators need tracking the sun in the east-west and north-south direction continuously throughout the year. But this paper explains the method of intermittent tracking of the sun in the north-south direction with no tracking in the east-west direction for less energy yield. The frequency of tracking in the north-south direction is determined by the relationship between the variation in solar altitude angle and the size of the absorber in the Paraboloidal dish concentrator A computer program in Visual BASIC is written to enable the detailed calculations of data for the analysis.

The Tracking of the Sun for Solar Paraboloidal Dish Concentrators

A paraboloidal dish solar thermal power plant produces electrical energy by a two-step conversion process. The collector subsystem is composed of a two-axis tracking paraboloidal concentrator and a cavity receiver. The concentrator focuses intercepted sunlight (direct, normal insolation) into a cavity receiver whose aperture encircles the focal point of the concentrator. At the internal wall of the receiver the electromagnetic radiation is converted to thermal energy. A heat engine/generator assembly, which is mounted directly behind th receiver, then converts the thermal energy captured by the receiver to electricity. Developmental activity has been concentrated on relatively small power modules which employ 11- to 12-m-diam dishes to generate nominal power levels of approximately 20 kW. A comparison of advanced heat engines for use on the dish power module is presented in terms of the performance potential of each engine as weighed against its requirements for advanced technology development. Three advanced engine possibilities are considered. These are the Brayton (gas turbine), Brayton/Rankine combined cycle, and Stirling engines. All three engine candidates are attractive in terms of overall system performance potential.

Comparison of Advanced Engines for Parabolic Dish Solar Thermal Power Plants

A paraboloidal dish solar thermal power plant produces electrical energy by a two-step conversion process. The collector subsystem is composed of a two-axis tracking paraboloidal concentrator and a cavity receiver. The concentrator focuses intercepted sunlight (direct, normal insolation) into a cavity receiver whose aperture encircles the focal point of the concentrator. At the internal wall of the receiver the electromagnetic radiation is converted to thermal energy. A heat engine/generator assembly then converts the thermal energy captured by the receiver to electricity. Developmental activity has been concentrated on small power modules which employ 11- to 12-meter diameter dishes to generate nominal power levels of approximately 20 kWe. A comparison of advanced heat engines for the dish power module is presented in terms of the performance potential of each engine with its requirements for advanced technology development. Three advanced engine possibilities are the Brayton (gas turbine), Brayton/Rankine combined cycle, and Stirling engines.

B. C. Gajanana

Papers

Comparison of Advanced Engines for Parabolic Dish Solar Thermal Power Plants

Comparison of advanced engines for parabolic dish solar thermal power plants