Oxidation into CO2 is a major solution to CO abatement in air depollution treatments. The development of catalytic converters led to an extraordinary high number of publications on metal catalysts during the last fifty years. Due to the increasing price of noble metals and to remarkable progresses in oxide syntheses, catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide over oxide catalysts has recently gained in interest, even if some oxides are known to present remarkable activity since the beginning of the 20th century. In this Review, the kinetics and mechanism of CO oxidation on single and mixed oxides are examined, alongside the catalyst structures

Catalytic Oxidation of Carbon Monoxide over Transition Metal Oxides

The catalytic treatment of motor vehicle exhaust gas has been a feature of all passenger cars in the USA since the 1975 model year. It has since been adopted in all the developed countries as the principal means of con-trolling the emissions from vehicles powered by Otto-cycle internal com-bustion engines. These include passenger cars, light trucks, and heavy-duty trucks. Catalysts have been developed for motorcycles and even smaller power plants. The so-called three-way catalyst (TWC) has been in use since the 1979 model year. The name reflects the simultaneous treatment by this catalyst of the two reducing pollutants, carbon monoxide and uncombusted hydrocarbons, and the oxidizing pollutant, oxides of nitrogen.

Why Rhodium in Automotive Three-Way Catalysts?

Chemisorption phenomena: Analytic modeling based on perturbation theory and bond-order conservation

We report a study on hydrogen storage in Ca, Co, Fe, Ni, and Pd decorated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) by using two techniques: volumetric and electrochemical. The results showed that hydrogen molecules are adsorbed on the defect sites and transported to the spaces between adjacent carbon via diffusion through both defect sites and opened tips into the layers. Hydrogen storage capacity can be improved in the decorated MWCNT by Co, Fe, Ni, and Ca metals in two approaches: (i) H2 adsorption via Kubas interaction and (ii) dissociation of H2 molecules on the metal particles. The results reveal that Pd are more effective catalyst for hydrogen storage process. It was found that dissociation of H2 occurs on the Pd particle, and hydrogen atoms are entered into the spaces between adjacent carbon layers. They create loosely bonds of CHx species and Pd−C−Hx complex which can be decomposed easily at lower temperatures as compared to C−H chemical bonds.

Hydrogen Storage in Decorated Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes by Ca, Co, Fe, Ni, and Pd Nanoparticles under Ambient Conditions

Kinetics of the hydrogen-oxygen reaction on platinum

Group VIII metals are used as catalysts for a number of reactions involving the molecules H2, CO, O2, NO and NH3. This paper will outline and discuss the differences in behaviour of the Group VIII metal surfaces in reactions of oxygen with hydrogen and carbon monoxide; nitric oxide with hydrogen and carbon monoxide; carbon monoxide with hydrogen; and ammonia with nitric oxide and oxygen. It will be shown that the differences in activity and selectivity of the various metals can be understood on the basis of the behaviour of these metals in the adsorption of the gases CO, NO, O2, H2 and NH3.

http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-94-011-1693-0_10.pdf

B. E. Nieuwenhuys

Papers

Adsorption and reactions of co, no, hi and 0 1 on group viii metal surfaces