Evaluation of dark jute SSR markers and morphological traits in genetic diversity assessment of jute mallow (Corchorus olitorius L.) cultivars

Corchorus olitorius, est une plante de la famille des malvacées, connue sous l’appellation de « kroala » en Côte d’Ivoire. Cette plante est reconnue comme riche en substances bioactives et nutritives. Elle possède également des propriétés pharmacologiques. Dans le but d’identifier et valoriser les cultivars du Corchorus olitorius, une enquête ethnobotanique transversale basée sur un échantillonnage de type boule de neige a été réalisée dans les différentes régions centres de la Côte d’Ivoire afin d’inventorier les cultivars de Corchorus olitorius ainsi que les usages ethnobotaniques. Au total 17 localités ont été prospectées et l’enquête a porté sur 428 personnes. Il ressort de cette étude que trois (3) cultivars de Corchorus olitorius var olitorius et deux (2) cultivars de Corchorus olitorius var incisifolius ont été identifiés. Ces cultivars sont utilisés occasionnellement que pour la consommation alimentaire. Seulement 17,3% des enquêtés affirment que les feuilles de kroala soigneraient certaines maladies telles que l’anémie, la fièvre typhoïde, la constipation et le paludisme. Une meilleure connaissance des propriétés biochimiques et phytochimiques de ces cultivars contribuera à une meilleure valorisation de cette plante aussi bien à travers l’alimentation que la santé des populations. 
Corchorus olitorius, is a plant of the Malvaceae family, known as "kroala" in Côte d'Ivoire. This plant is recognized as rich in bioactive and nutritive substances. It also has pharmacological properties. In order to identify and valorize the cultivars of Corchorus olitorius, a cross-sectional ethnobotanical survey based on a snowball sampling was carried out in the different central regions of Côte d'Ivoire in order to inventory the cultivars of Corchorus olitorius as well as the ethnobotanical uses. A total of 17 localities were surveyed and 428 people were interviewed. The study revealed that three (3) cultivars of Corchorus olitorius var olitorius and two (2) cultivars of Corchorus olitorius var incisifolius were identified. These cultivars are used occasionally only for food consumption. Only 17.3% of the respondents claimed that kroala leaves would treat certain diseases such as anemia, typhoid fever, constipation and malaria. A better knowledge of the biochemical and phytochemical properties of these cultivars will contribute to a better valorization of this plant both through food and health of the populations.

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Caractérisation morphologique et ethnobotanique des cultivars de “Kroala” (Corchorus olitorius L.), légume-feuille traditionnel consommé dans les régions du Centre de la Côte d’Ivoire

Indigenous leafy vegetables play a significant socio-economic role for the local population. However, most of them used at the local level have not been studied a lot and their nutritional values are less implemented. This study focuses on the local nomenclature and the socio-cultural services of the species of Corchorus genus. Therefore, a collection followed by an ethnobotanical survey was carried out in 22 provinces of Burkina Faso during which a total of 450 people were surveyed. Four species of Corchorus genus, namely Corchorus olitorius, Corchorus tridens, Corchorus aestuans and Corchorus fascicularis were identified. The local names of these species vary from 1 to 4 names depending on ethnical groups. However, differentiation criteria related to status, productivity and/or preference of populations, pubescence and colour of plant are generally used to differentiate the species. All identified species are used as leafy vegetables and for the preparation of very tasty drinking (Dolo), because of their mucilage. As for medicine, 25.33% of the people surveyed gave information on illnesses such as anemia, stomach aches, and malaria treated with Corchorus genus species. Considering the socio-economic value of these species for the local population, research programs on its valorization through varietal improvement must be initiated. Key words: Corchorus, leafy vegetable, valorization, Burkina Faso. 

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Species of the Corchorus genus: Identification, nomenclature and socio-economic role in Burkina Faso

Corchorus olitorius is more and more cultivated in Burkina Faso because of its socio - economic interest. Hence the objective of this study which will contribute to improve the knowledge of the genetic diversity of the species in Burkina Faso. To this end, seventeen SSR markers were used to characterize ninety-six (96) accessions of the four phytogeographic sectors of Burkina Faso. These accessions consist of 16 accessions of the variety C. olitorius var insicifolius and 80 accessions of the variety C. olitorius var olitorius. The results of the analysis of the diversity of microsatellite markers tested, they were seized sixteen (16) of the seventeen (17) SSRs are polymorphic with a rate of polymorphism of 92.19 % and number of 53 alleles with a mean of three (3) alleles per locus. As for the Shannon diversity index, with an average of 1.05, it is between 0.53 for the HK-27 marker and 1.90 for the HK-19 marker. The polymorphism information content (PIC) potential ranged from 0.11 for the HK-12 marker to 0.49 for the HK-6 marker with an average of 0.32. A structure of diversity into three groups regardless of phytogeographic areas or botanical variety has always been.

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B. Kabore

Papers

Molecular Characterization of Corchorus olitorius L. of Burkina Faso