Objective: Evaluating the bio-reducing activity and various
potential, annotates the biological entitties of Fagonia cretica. Method: By fractionating the crude extract
with different ethanol-water fraction mixture. This substantiates the reduction
potential for the biological synthesis of AgNPs, its antioxidant, anti-urease
and anti-Tyrosinase activity. Results: UV-visible spectra confirm the
bio-reducing potential for Ag NPs with the optimized 50% ethanol-water fraction
mixture. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed the round shaped
AgNPs with an average size of 16 nm in optimized 50% fraction mixture. Further
evaluating Ethanol-water fraction with 90% and 70% of plant extract showed more
potentials for Anti-Tyrosinase and Anti-urease activity. Moreover, diluted 30%
fraction exhibits two folds higher Anti-oxidant and Anti urease activity. Conclusion: Overall, this work showed that 50% Ethanol-water fraction has potentially
active molecules (among all fractions) primarily involved in bio-reducing
potential of Ag NPs and enzymatic assay while 90% mixture proved to be least
active. This study suggested electing the optimum mixture fraction of 50%
ethanol-water in order to screen the bioactive compounds and to inculcate their
activity status for clinical trials.

/pdf/intrinsic-bio-enhancer-entities-of-fagonia-cretica-for-474dt33law.pdf

Intrinsic Bio-Enhancer Entities of Fagonia cretica for Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Involves Anti-Urease, Anti-Oxidant and Anti-Tyosinase Activity

Mineralization to the complete oxidation of sample carbon component does not always assure the best analyte recovery. Particular attention should be paid to the presence of silicon in the investigated plant sample and especially in the certified reference material for which Si content is scarcely given by the providers. During mineralization without addition of the hydrofluoric acid, the residual carbon may block silica surfaces and increase availability of an analyte for its spectral determination in the solution. This issue is of particular relevance because standard protocols for digestion of plant matrices often do not support hydrofluoric acid addition. Several procedures recommended for decomposition of herbal plants were applied for the respective certified reference material and examined in detail. Manganese, copper, and zinc contents were analyzed in all samples by the flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Additionally, the residual carbon was determined in all mineralizates. Silicon content was analyzed by the X-ray fluorescence method. The best recoveries were observed for samples characterized by relatively high residual carbon.

/pdf/influence-of-digestion-procedure-and-residual-carbon-on-1kjk3ff5ck.pdf

Influence of Digestion Procedure and Residual Carbon on Manganese, Copper, and Zinc Determination in Herbal Matrices by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

Casting Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Fagonia Blend Microbial Arrest

Background and Purpose: Irochel is a polyherbal formulation, comprises ethanolic extracts of Emblica officinalis, Cucurbita pepo L, Triticum aestivum, Fagonia cretica, Momordica charantia, and Tribulus terristris. It is prepared for the management of iron overload in transfusion-dependent thalassemia patients in which non-transfusion binds iron-produced reactive oxygen species ROS that causes severe damages to the organs leads to death. Research Study: In this study, phytochemical, antioxidant-DPPH assay, cytotoxicity, acute, and subacute toxicity in Wistar rats according to OECD guidelines 423 and 407, respectively, was carried out. The pharmaceutical analysis was conducted following standard protocols. Results: The results exhibited that each herb has a rich amount of phytochemical constituents. The DPPH assay showed IC50 values for Irochel and Gallic Acid 106.6 ± 4.28 [uM] and 21.8 ± 1.03 [uM], respectively. The LC50 124.327 μg/ml was obtained in cytotoxicity. In acute toxicity (14 days) and subacute toxicity (28 days) studies, the results revealed no treatment-related toxic manifestations, or mortality. Therefore, LD50 was found > 5000 mg/kg. However, there was some hematological and biochemical variations observed at 3 different doses of 2000, 300, and 50 mg/kg bw. Conclusion: Thus, Irochel has significant antioxidant activity and it is a safe drug for human use.

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/15593258211073412

Phytochemical, Antioxidant, Toxicological, and Pharmaceutical Evaluation of Polyherbal Formulation: Irochel

The macronutrients and heavy metals content of different parts of a locally found herb named Fagonia cretica , an important medicinal herb, were investigated. Al, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Sr and Zn were measured in roots, shoots, leaves, spines and flowers/fruits of the plant. The analysis was carried out by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). The results revealed that the Fagonia cretica accumulate the elemental contents at different parts. The accuracy of the method was checked by analysing a certified reference material and the results were in agreement with the enumerate value. The presence of a certain set of elements at percentage level like Ca, K and Mg is useful for strengthening of bones and body. Other elements important from health perspective including Al, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Na, Sr and Zn are found at ppm levels in all parts of the plant. KEY WORDS : Fagonia cretica , Macronutrients, Heavy metals, ICP-OES, AAS Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2014 , 28(2), 177-185. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v28i2.2

/pdf/assessment-of-macronutrients-and-heavy-metals-in-fagonia-49dbzyr1ty.pdf

B. Muhammad

Papers

Assessment of macronutrients and heavy metals in Fagonia cretica Linn of Pakistan by atomic spectroscopy