Mechanism of cell detachment from temperature-modulated, hydrophilic–hydrophobic polymer surfaces

Rational design of cytophilic and cytophobic polyelectrolyte multilayer thin films

2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate is a monomer with numerous applications. More than 1500 publications have been devoted to this product since 1967,2000 publications or patents mention the corresponding polymer, and a greater number of works involve copolymers incorporating this monomer.

2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate (HEMA): Chemical Properties and Applications in Biomedical Fields

The effect of specific chemical functionalities on the growth of bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC) was investigated using a set of well-characterized, chemically functionalized surfaces prepared by self-assembly of alkanethiolate monolayers on gold surfaces using the molecules X(CH2)15SH with X = −CH3, −CH2OH, −CO2CH3, and −CO2H. Cells seeded on a substrate in serum-containing culture medium interact with the adsorbed protein layer rather than the substrate. Therefore, the role of two serum proteins, albumin (Alb) (a nonadhesive or blocking protein) and fibronectin (Fn) (an adhesive protein), in cell growth was evaluated by measuring the amount of each protein bound and the tightness of binding (determined by resistance to SDS solubilization) on the self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). BAEC growth varied significantly with surface functionality. Cell growth increased in the following order:  −CH2OH < −CO2CH3 < −CH3 ≪ −CO2H, illustrating the effect of specific surface groups. Cell growth on all monolayer...

Endothelial cell growth and protein adsorption on terminally functionalized, self-assembled monolayers of alkanethiolates on gold

Magnetic sorting using magnetic beads has become a routine methodology for the separation of key cell populations from biological suspensions. Due to the inherent ability of magnets to provide forces at a distance, magnetic cell manipulation is now a standardized process step in numerous processes in tissue engineering, medicine, and in fundamental biological research. Herein we review the current status of magnetic particles to enable isolation and separation of cells, with a strong focus on the fundamental governing physical phenomena, properties and syntheses of magnetic particles and on current applications of magnet-based cell separation in laboratory and clinical settings. We highlight the contribution of cell separation to biomedical research and medicine and detail modern cell-separation methods (both magnetic and non-magnetic). In addition to a review of the current state-of-the-art in magnet-based cell sorting, we discuss current challenges and available opportunities for further research, development and commercialization of magnetic particle-based cell-separation systems.

http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0034-4885/78/1/016601/pdf

Fundamentals and application of magnetic particles in cell isolation and enrichment: a review

Hydrogels of poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (polyHEMA) homopolymer do not normally support the attachment and growth of mammalian cells. By altering the surface it has been possible to dramatically change this cell–substratum interaction so that vascular endothelial cells can attach and completely populate a poly HEMA surface. While this can be achieved by copolymerisation of polyHEMA with methacrylic acid or diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, it is most conveniently achieved by brief treatment of polyHEMA hydrogel with concentrated sulphuric acid. The resultant creation of surface—COOH groups, revealed by electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis, is consistent with the hydrolytic formation of methacrylic acid on the surface layer. Surface—COOH groups created by treatment with chloric or hydrofluoric acids were not effective. Following sulfuric acid treatment, cell adhesion and growth on polyHEMA hydrogel were better than on Teflon and approached those attained on glow–discharge-treated polystyrene. The capacity of acid-treated polyHEMA to adsorb albumin or fibronectin was of the order of 100-fold or 10-fold lower respectively than either polystyrene, Teflon, or segmented polyurethane. Hydrolytic “etching” in this way is proposed as an efficient means of expanding the use of polyHEMA hydrogel as a biomaterial without modifying the overall physicochemical properties of the bulk of the material.

Cell responses to biomaterials I: Adhesion and growth of vascular endothelial cells on poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) following surface modification by hydrolytic etching

B. R. McAuslan

Papers

Cell responses to biomaterials I: Adhesion and growth of vascular endothelial cells on poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) following surface modification by hydrolytic etching