There has been a large amount of work on smart classrooms spanning over a wide range of research areas including information communication technology, machine learning, sensor networks, mobile computing, and hardware. Consequently, there have been several disparate reviews on various aspects of smart classrooms. Such piecemeal development is not sufficient for a pragmatic smart classroom solution. This article complements the literature by providing a consolidated review of interdisciplinary works under a common nomenclature and taxonomy. This multi-field review has exposed new research opportunities and challenges that need to be addressed for the synergistic integration of interdisciplinary works.

How Smart Are Smart Classrooms? A Review of Smart Classroom Technologies

This paper explains the design and implementation of electronic system based on GSM (Global System for Mobile communication) for controlling the climate parameters by SMS (Short Message Service) in greenhouse. The main purpose of this system conception is the remote control of the climatic parameters that influence the production in greenhouse (Temperature, relative humidity of air and soil moisture). Several sensors and actuators are installed and connected to a management and acquisition card. These sensors provide relevant information that is used to control ventilation, heating and pump by SMS. The procedure used in our system provides the owner with a remote control avoiding the needed to perform the control actions on site. The developed system in this paper is ideally suited for agricultural greenhouses in Morocco. It is simple to be installed and used by farmers who do not have knowledge in computer skills. Besides, most people use their cell phones to communicate and send messages. Thus, in our system, with a simple message, all farmers can control their greenhouses from a distance. They can know the status of their greenhouse climate at any time (temperature, humidity...) and can control actuators to adjust these parameters (fan, heater, vent, drip irrigation...). Thus, we have developed a graphical interface using LabVIEW software for the local acquisition, monitoring with PC and storage of all data through the card PCL812PG.

https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ijest/article/download/80190/70449

Development of a data acquisition and greenhouse control system based on GSM

The growing demand for high density VLSI circuits and the exponential dependency of the leakage current on the oxide thickness is becoming a major challenge in deep-sub-micron CMOS technology. In this work, a novel Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) Cell is proposed targeting to reduce the overall power requirements, i.e., dynamic and standby power in the existing dual-bit-line architecture. The active power is reduced by reducing the supply voltage when the memory is functional and the standby power is reduced by reducing the gate and sub-threshold leakage currents when the memory is idle. This paper explored an integrated approach at the architecture and circuit level to reduce the leakage power dissipation while maintaining high performance in deep-submicron cache memories. The proposed memory bit-cell makes use of the pMOS pass transistors to lower the gate leakage currents while full-supply body-biasing scheme is used to reduce the sub-threshold leakage currents. To further reduce the leakage current, the stacking effect is used by switching off the stack transistors when the memory is ideal. In comparison to the conventional 6T SRAM bit-cell, the total leakage power is reduced by 50% while the cell is storing data ‘1’ and 46% when data ‘0’ at a very small area penalty. The total active power reduction is achieved by 89% when cell is storing data 0 or 1. The design simulation work was performed on the deep-sub-micron CMOS technology, the 45nm, at 250C with VDD of 0.7V.

/pdf/design-and-analysis-of-a-novel-low-power-sram-bit-cell-52m0kcxmp1.pdf

Design and Analysis of a Novel Low-Power SRAM Bit-Cell Structure at Deep-Sub-Micron CMOS Technology for Mobile Multimedia Applications

This paper demonstrates a model for electricity delivery and revenue collection in a rural context with the potential to increase the reliability of service delivery and lower operating costs compared to traditional fixed monthly fee utilities. The microutility in this paper provides power on a pre-paid basis similar to the way cellular phone air-time is sold. This system uses Short Message Service (SMS) messages sent over the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) networks for communication allowing installation in any place within reach of a GSM tower. Several of these individual microutilities are monitored and administered via a central server. These consumers in these systems are using modest amounts of power consistent with lighting usage. Some customers are are unable to maintain positive account credit suggesting a benefit to the prepaid approach. These microutilities are currently installed and have been providing power to approximately 170 households in Mali and 38 households in Uganda beginning in April--August of 2011.

/pdf/a-prepaid-architecture-for-solar-electricity-delivery-in-fugxhrs77u.pdf

A prepaid architecture for solar electricity delivery in rural areas

paper describes the design of a simple low cost microcontroller based temperature monitoring system using GSM technique. The temperature monitoring system using GSM undergoes three stages signal conditioning circuit, analog to digital converter and with GSM Modem the message is send to mobile.ADC is used because microcontroller works with digital inputs. GSM modem can be used to send and receive SMS through AT commands. At the transmitter side, the user sends an SMS to the GSM modem using AT commands. The LM35 is an integrated circuit sensor that can be used to measure temperature with electrical output proportional to the temperature. The LM35 sensor is connected to PIC microcontroller and varying temperature is sent to GSM modem, which is simultaneously displayed in LCD. The GSM modem performs the operation of sending message to a particular SIM number .GSM technology provides users with high quality signal and speech channels, giving them access to high quality digital communication at very affordable rates. GSM network operators can provide their customers with cheaper calling and text messing options.

/pdf/embedded-based-industrial-temperature-monitoring-systems-ys4hzcgbw7.pdf

Embedded based Industrial Temperature Monitoring Systems using GSM

The paper proposes a wireless solution, based on GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) networks (1) for the monitoring and control of humidity in industries. This system provides ideal solution for monitoring critical plant on unmanned sites. The system is Wireless (2) therefore more adaptable and cost-effective. Utilizing Humidity sensor HSM-20G, ARM Controller LPC2148 and GSM technology this system offers a cost effective solution to wide range of remote monitoring and control applications. Historical and real time data can be accessed world wide using the GSM network. The system can also be configured to transmit data on alarm or at preset intervals to a mobile phone using SMS text messaging. The proposed system monitors and controls the humidity from the remote location and whenever it crosses the set limit the LPC2148 processor will sends an SMS to a concerned plant authority(s) mobile phone via GSM network. The concerned authority can control the system through his mobile phone by sending AT Commands to GSM MODEM and in turn to processor. Also the system provides password security against operator misuse/abuse. The system uses GSM technology (3) thus providing ubiquitous access to the system for security and automated monitoring and control of Humidity.

/pdf/development-of-a-low-cost-gsm-sms-based-humidity-remote-4h468j4ca8.pdf

B Ramamurthy

Papers

Development of a Low-Cost GSM SMS-Based Humidity Remote Monitoring and Control system for Industrial Applications