The selection intensity indices were computed based on the demographic information pertaining to fertility and mortality among Yerukula, an endogamous tribal population of Andhra Pradesh. The total as well as fertility and mortality indices are slightly higher than other Andhra populations studied earlier. In the present tribal population, the selection is manifested mainly through differential fertility rather than mortality. The results are discussed in the light of earlier studies on Andhra Pradesh caste and tribal populations.

Opportunity for Natural Selection in Yerukula Tribe of Coastal Andhra Pradesh

Gender discrimination in India is observed to be extremely complex in view of India's social and economic diversity, the interplay of cultural and economic factors and the impact of policy initiatives. Of late some scholars pointed out that tribals are being assimilated into the national culture of discrimination and hence the gender discrimination is no more a nontribal characteristic. This paper deals with the gender discrimination in the case of two tribal communities in India.

Gender Discrimination among the Tribes of Andhra Pradesh

Background: Coastal populations have always been exposed to socio-cultural and natural vulnerability. The correlates between these coastal populations and their selection potentials have not been previously described.Aim: To describe selection potentials, their trend and extent among coastal and non-coastal populations of the Indian continent.Subjects and methods: Data on fertility and mortality differentials among five coastal populations were collected from 448 women of Orissa and Goa. Selection potential was computed. In addition, 48 studies among 100 different populations of India were reviewed for similar parameters, for comparison.Results: Total index of selection (It) varied from 0.221–0.417 in the population of Orissa; whereas the population of Goa showed a moderate index of selection. Regression analysis showed that among the coastal population the contribution of index of mortality (Im) is higher (92.5%) in total selection index (It) as compared to non-coastal populations (56.4%). After 1991, th...

Natural selection among coastal populations of India: trend and extent.

The Yerukulas, a tribal population subsisting traditionally on agriculture, animal husbandry and handicrafts trade, inhabit largely in plains of Southern Indian states specifically, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka. The genetic demographic information regarding occupation, economic status, fertility and mortality, age of children etc were collected. The present genetic study on tribal population with moderately high fertility and mortality shows a picture of a growing population. Sex ratio was slightly deviated to the predominance of males. The inbreeding co-efficient for autosomes is 0.0381 and sex chromosomes is 0.0438 among the Yerukula tribe, and the overall inbreeding coefficient is 0.081 which is relatively high due to more number of uncle-niece marriages. Among postnatal deaths, neonatal deaths in non-consanguineous and infantile deaths in consanguineous couples are higher than their counterparts. The index of variability of fertility is higher in non-consanguineous couples and proportion of surviving offspring is higher in consanguineous couples. However, the percent offspring mortality is higher in non- consanguineous couples. Thus, improving socio-economic conditions and creating awareness on medical facilities so as to reduce the fertility and mortality is essential to keep the population growth under control.(76.34%), sensitivity (76.60), specificity (76.09) and 87% area under ROC curve.

Consanguineous, Non-Consanguineous, Reproductive Events, Fertility and Mortality Differentials of Yerukula Tribe: an Endogamous Human Population, Andhra Pradesh India

The selection intensity indices were computed based on the demographic information pertaining to fertility and mortality among the Kapu, an endogamous caste population of Andhra Pradesh. The indices were computed by original formula of Crow and modified formula of Johnston and Kensinger. The total fertility and mortality indices are slightly higher than other Andhra populations studied earlier. In the present population, the selection is manifested mainly through differential fertility rather than mortality, which is a deviation from general trend.

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Natural Selection Intensity among Kapu Caste Population of Coastal Andhra Pradesh, India

In the present work, DNA was extrated from 63 skeletal samples recovered at the Neolithic site of San Juan ante Portam Latinam (SJAPL) (Araba, Basque Country). These samples have proved useful as genetic material for the performance of population studies. To achieve this it was necessary to overcome the methodological problems arising when working with damaged DNA molecules. We succeeded in performing an amplification and restriction analysis of the polymorphisms present in the mtDNA. Ninety seven percent of the samples were classified as belonging to one of the nine mtDNA haplogroups described in Caucasians. This work shows that restriction analysis is a useful methodological tool to perform reliable population genetic analysis on archaeological remains. Tha analysis of ancient and modern haplogroup distribution can shed more light on the genetic evolution of human populations. Moreover, a more exhaustive data on prehistoric populations will allow to build stronger hypothesis on the genetic relationships among human populations.

B V Babu

Papers

Demographic Structure and its implications among two breeding isolates of Mali Tribe from Andra Pradesh, India