Lincoln, Yvonna, and Egon Guba, "Postpositivism and the Naturalist Paradigm," pp. 14-46 in Yvonna Lincoln and Egon Guba, Naturalistic Inquiry . Beverly Hills, CA: Sage, 1985.*

Secret History: Return of the Black Death Channel 4, 7-8pm In 1348 the Black Death swept through London, killing people within days of the appearance of their first symptoms. Exactly how many died, and why, has long been a mystery. This Secret History documentary follows experts as they pick through the evidence and reveal why the plague killed on such a scale. And they ask, what might be coming next?

Medscape

Leadership styles and outcome patterns for the nursing workforce and work environment: A systematic review

“North Star” goals toward an ideal integrated behavioral health and ambulatory care setting Tips, resources, and real-world examples of how others are doing it What not to do, or the pitfalls to avoid when integrating behavioral health An interactive integration self-assessment checklist with immediate feedback linked to guidance Access to the Academy Community, an online forum for peer-topeer networking and sharing

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)

Comprehensive discharge planning and home follow-up of hospitalized elders: A randomized clinical trial

A closer look at academic probation and attrition: what courses are predictive of nursing student success?

malloy t. & penprase b. (2010) Journal of Nursing Management 18, 715–725
Nursing leadership style and psychosocial work environment

Aim  This study examines the relationship between leadership style and the psychosocial work environment of registered nurses.

Background  Research consistently supports the positive relationship between transformational leadership style and job satisfaction. There is less evidence, which identifies the relationship between leadership style and psychosocial work environment.

Method  The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire 5× was used to identify the leadership style. The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire was used to measure psychosocial work environment dimensions. Statistical analysis included Pearson’s r correlation between leadership style and psychosocial work environment and anova to analyse group means.

Results  There is a significant correlation between leadership style and 22 out of the 37 dimensions of the psychosocial work environment. This correlation was significant ranging from r = 0.88, P < 0.01 to r = 0.18, P < 0.05. Nurses divided into groups based on transformational leadership scores of the immediate supervisor report significant differences in their psychosocial work environment.

Conclusion  This study supports the significant correlation between leadership style and psychosocial work environment for registered nurses.

Implications for nursing management  The results of this study suggest that there would be an improvement in the nursing psychosocial work environment by implementation of transformational and contingent reward leadership behaviours.

Nursing leadership style and psychosocial work environment

The Efficacy of Preemptive Analgesia for Postoperative Pain Control: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Noise in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) is gaining increasing attention as a significant source of stress and fatigue for nursing staff. Extensive research indicates that hospital noise also has negative impact on patients. The objective of this study was to analyze noise variations as experienced by both nursing staff and patients, to gain a better understanding of noise levels and frequencies observed in ICU settings over extended (week-long) durations, and to implement a low cost behavior modification program to reduce noise. The results of our study indicate that behavioral modification alone is not adequate to control excessive noise. There is a need for further research involving the supportive involvement by clinicians, ICU staff, along with effective medical device alarm management, and continuous process improvement methods.

/pdf/reducing-hospital-icu-noise-a-behavior-based-approach-2zqbd738fx.pdf

Reducing hospital ICU noise: a behavior-based approach.

The demand for accelerated second-degree nursing programs has grown considerably in the past two decades. These unique nursing programs developed in response to the nation's growing elderly population, the nursing shortage, and demands from students holding previous bachelor degrees. Accelerated second-degree nursing programs recognize that the students are adult learners and have already proven the ability to successfully complete the rigors required to obtain a bachelor degree. This article reviews the current literature related to accelerated second-degree nursing programs to understand the type of students who are successful, explore the implications these programs may have for the nursing community, and understand methods to improve accelerated second-degree nursing programs based on the characteristics of students' performance.

Barbara Penprase

Papers

A closer look at academic probation and attrition: what courses are predictive of nursing student success?

Nursing leadership style and psychosocial work environment

The Efficacy of Preemptive Analgesia for Postoperative Pain Control: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Reducing hospital ICU noise: a behavior-based approach.

Understanding the experiences of accelerated second-degree nursing students and graduates: a review of the literature.