With digital equipment becoming increasingly networked, either on wired or wireless networks, for personal and professional use alike, distributed software systems have become a crucial element in information and communications technologies. The study of these systems forms the core of the ARLES' work, which is specifically concerned with defining new system software architectures, based on the use of emerging networking technologies. In this context, we concentrate on the study of distributed systems which bring to life the vision of ubiquitous computing systems, also known as ambient intelligence.

반도체 공정 overview

Purpose—This scientific statement provides an overview of the evidence on physical activity and exercise recommendations for stroke survivors. Evidence suggests that stroke survivors experience phy...

Physical Activity and Exercise Recommendations for Stroke Survivors A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association

Stroke is a leading cause of disability in the United States.1 The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) of the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) estimates that 15 000 veterans are hospitalized for stroke each year (VA HSR&D, 1997).

Forty percent of stroke patients are left with moderate functional impairments and 15% to 30% with severe disability.2 Effective rehabilitation interventions initiated early after stroke can enhance the recovery process and minimize functional disability. Improved functional outcomes for patients also contribute to patient satisfaction and reduce potential costly long-term care expenditures.

There are only 45 rehabilitation bed units (RBUs) in the VA today. Many veterans who have a stroke and are admitted to a VA Medical Center will find themselves in a facility that does not offer comprehensive, integrated, multidisciplinary care. In a VA rehabilitation field survey published in December 2000, more than half of the respondents reported that the “rehabilitative care of stroke patients was incomplete, fragmented, and not well coordinated” at sites lacking a RBU (VA Stroke Medical Rehabilitation Questionnaire Results, 2000).

In Department of Defense (DoD) medical treatment facilities, approximately 20 000 active-duty personnel and dependents were seen in 2002 for stroke and stroke-related diagnoses according to ICD-9 coding.3 Comprehensive treatment for stroke patients in DoD medical facilities is given primarily at medical centers. Smaller DoD community hospitals may have limited resources to see both inpatients and outpatients, relying more on the TRICARE network for ongoing stroke rehabilitation services.

A growing body of evidence indicates that patients do better with a well-organized, multidisciplinary approach to post-acute rehabilitation after a stroke.4–6 The VA/DoD Stroke Rehabilitation Working Group only focused on the post–acute stroke rehabilitation care.

Duncan and colleagues7 found that greater adherence to post-acute stroke rehabilitation guidelines was associated with improved patient outcomes and concluded “compliance …

/pdf/management-of-adult-stroke-rehabilitation-care-a-clinical-55zu3naq5e.pdf

Management of Adult Stroke Rehabilitation Care: a clinical practice guideline.

Objective: To determine the evidence for physical therapy interventions aimed at improving functional outcome after stroke.Methods: MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, DARE, PEDro, EMBASE and DocOnline were searched for controlled studies. Physical therapy was divided into 10 intervention categories, which were analysed separately. If statistical pooling (weighted summary effect sizes) was not possible due to lack of comparability between interventions, patient characteristics and measures of outcome, a bestresearch synthesis was performed. This best-research synthesis was based on methodological quality (PEDro score).Results: In total, 151 studies were included in this systematic review; 123 were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 28 controlled clinical trials (CCTs). Methodological quality of all RCTs had a median of 5 points on the 10-point PEDro scale (range 2–8 points). Based on high-quality RCTs strong evidence was found in f...

The impact of physical therapy on functional outcomes after stroke: what's the evidence?

Background
Physical therapy (PT) is one of the key disciplines in interdisciplinary stroke rehabilitation. The aim of this systematic review was to provide an update of the evidence for stroke rehabilitation interventions in the domain of PT.

/pdf/what-is-the-evidence-for-physical-therapy-poststroke-a-9oycnv3dy7.pdf

What is the evidence for physical therapy poststroke? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Physical activity participation among persons with disabilities: barriers and facilitators.

https://www.archives-pmr.org/article/S0003-9993(98)90004-1/pdf

Types of spiritual well-being among persons with chronic illness: their relation to various forms of quality of life

Objective. We sought to examine the accessibility of health clubs to persons with mobility disabilities and visual impairments. Methods. We assessed 35 health clubs and fitness facilities as part of a national field trial of a new instrument, Accessibility Instruments Measuring Fitness and Recreation Environments (AIMFREE), designed to assess accessibility of fitness facilities in the following domains: (1) built environment, (2) equipment, (3) swimming pools, (4) information, (5) facility policies, and (6) professional behavior. Results. All facilities had a low to moderate level of accessibility. Some of the deficiencies concerned specific Americans with Disabilities Act guidelines pertaining to the built environment, whereas other deficiency areas were related to aspects of the facilities’ equipment, information, policies, and professional staff. Conclusions. Persons with mobility disabilities and visual impairments have difficulty accessing various areas of fitness facilities and health clubs. AIMFREE...

Accessibility of health clubs for people with mobility disabilities and visual impairments.

RIMMER, J. H., B. RILEY, T. CREVISTON, and T. NICOLA. Exercise training in a predominantly African-American group of stroke survivors. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 32, No. 12, 2000, pp. 1990 ‐1996. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a 12-wk exercise training program in a predominantly African-American group of stroke survivors with multiple comorbidities. Methods: A lag-control group design was employed to provide training to all participants (N 5 35). Two 12-wk training iterations were arranged. Participants trained 3 d·wk -1 for 60 min·d -1 (cardiovascular, 30 min; strength, 20 min; flexibility, 10 min).

Exercise training in a predominantly African-American group of stroke survivors.

Purpose. Assess the psychometric properties of the Physical Activity and Disability Survey (PADS), a new physical activity measure for persons with disabilities and chronic health conditions. Design. Cross-sectional and pre-post designs were employed. Setting. A Midwestern university fitness center. Subjects. Participants were 103 individuals with disabilities and/or chronic health conditions. Measures. The Physical Activity and Disability Survey (PADS), peak oxygen uptake (peak VO2), maximum workload (MW), and time to exhaustion (TE) during exercise. Results. Factor analysis revealed a four-factor model that generally corresponded to PADS subscales. Cronbach alpha coefficients ranged from .67 (Exercise) to .77 (Time Indoors). Test-retest reliability (1-week interval) ranged from .78 (Time Indoors) to .95 (Leisure Time Physical Activity). Interrater reliability ranged from .92 (Household Activities) to .99 (Exercise, Leisure Time Physical Activity, Total Activity). Significant (p < .05) correlati...

A New Measure for Assessing the Physical Activity Behaviors of Persons with Disabilities and Chronic Health Conditions: The Physical Activity and Disability Survey:

Barth B. Riley

Papers

Physical activity participation among persons with disabilities: barriers and facilitators.

Types of spiritual well-being among persons with chronic illness: their relation to various forms of quality of life

Accessibility of health clubs for people with mobility disabilities and visual impairments.

Exercise training in a predominantly African-American group of stroke survivors.

A New Measure for Assessing the Physical Activity Behaviors of Persons with Disabilities and Chronic Health Conditions: The Physical Activity and Disability Survey: