Input—Output Economics. By Wassily Leontief. New York and London, Oxford University Press, 1966. ix, 257 p. 914″. 60s.

Input-Output Economics.

Predicting future emissions based on characteristics of stocks

Stocks, flows and emissions of DBDPE in China and its international distribution through products and waste.

Background
Since the 1970s, at least 200 hectares (ha) of farmland has been polluted by the heavy metal cadmium (Cd).Consequently, the Cd pollution has led to contaminate the rice production and caused acute social panic. According to the recent investigation results performed by the Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration (TEPA), it is indicated that most of the Cd pollution incidents in Taiwan resulted from the wastewater discharge of stearate Cd factories. To prevent the Cd pollution incidents from spreading, the TEPA has either forced these factories to close down or assisted them in improving their production processes since the 1980s. Unfortunately, accidental incidents of Cd pollution still emerge in an endless stream, despite the strict governmental controls placed on these questionable factories. Whether this pollution has resulted from undetected or hidden pollution sources stemming from two decades ago or comes from some new source, will be an outstanding issue. Therefore, this study attempts to identify the pollution sources of Cd in soil in Taiwan as well as to find the solution to the above-mentioned, outstanding issue by way of a methodology termed Material Flow Analysis (MFA).

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Identification of pollution source of cadmium in soil: application of material flow analysis and a case study in Taiwan.

Lithium is considered to be a strategic metal in the world. It's meaningful to evaluate the stocks of recyclable lithium resources and give an estimation on the recycling impact on lithium supply chain. This study establishes a dynamic substance flow model of recyclable lithium resources in China from 2000 to 2030. The model provides sales, stock amount and secondary utilization amount of recyclable lithium resources from mobile phone, laptop computer, desktop computer, camera, EV and E-bike in China, based on the historical data. The results indicate that the accumulatively amount of obsolete LIBs will reach 121 billion until 2030, which contain over 522 kilotons recyclable lithium resources. Among six kinds of products as-investigated, the EV takes the greatest sector and owns the highest growth speed. Considering the current situation that lithium resources are highly-dependent on imports, the domestically yield should be emphasized as a compensation. Technology and equipment of lithium recycling and salt lake exploitation should be further developed. Specific laws and regulations focusing on the allocation and recycle of lithium resources should to be strictly compliance with, while the alternatives of lithium are supposed to apply to non-battery products.

Modeling the potential impact of future lithium recycling on lithium demand in China: A dynamic SFA approach

Material Flow Analysis (MFA) has become an important instrument in environmental science and pollution research. In this paper, we look at the MFA problem as a particularly structured system identification problem. Special emphasis is given to the linear, static case, where we describe a procedure for reconciliating the flow measurements and for estimating the unmeasured flows and the transfer coefficients by taking into account a priori restrictions such as balance equations.

Identification of material flow systems.

The paper consists of two main parts. The first part is concerned with different aspects of mathematical modeling of material flow systems for the linear static case. The problems considered are the description of the model class, data reconciliation, identification of subsystems and the analysis of system properties relevant e.g. for simulation. In the second part an application of the modeling tools proposed in the first part to a study on the metabolism of phosphorus in an Austrian region is given.

Bauer G

Papers

Identification of material flow systems.

Identification of material flow systems: Extensions and case study.